Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Reckova Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Machatkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Machal Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Jeseta Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Relationship between acrosome integrity changes and in vitro fertilising ability of bovine spermatozoa Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of acrosomal changes during capacitation of bovine spermatozoa in relationship to in vitro fertility of individual bulls. Motile spermatozoa were separated from frozen-thawed semen by a swim-up procedure and capacitated in IVF-TALP medium with or without heparin. The spermatozoa were evaluated in terms of acrosomal changes at 0, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 h of capacitation. Proportions of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa at 5 h and 0 h of capacitation were used for calculation of the heparin response index. Variations in the heparin response index were found among individual bulls. Based on the mean response index value of all bulls, they fell into three categories: bulls with greater, intermediate and no response to heparin (GRH, IRH and NRH, respectively). Differences in the heparin response index between the bull categories were significant (P < 0.05). Higher D7 and D8 embryo development rates were found in the IRH vs. NRH bulls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study shows that the spermatozoa of bulls with a greater or intermediate response to heparin appear to be most suitable for in vitro embryo production compared with spermatozoa of bulls with no response to heparin. Keywords: bull, spermatozoa, acrosome, embryos, IVF Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 469-475 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8437-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8437-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8437-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Iwaszko-Simonik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: S. Graczyk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Title: Evaluation of platelet function in horses undergoing colic surgery using the PFA-100 platelet function analyser Abstract: Acute colic in horses, especially presentations requiring surgical correction, such as large colon volvulus, very often involves defective or excess platelet activation. The PFA-100 is a new point-of-care analyser that evaluates platelet function by measuring closure time (CT) in the whole blood of healthy horses in a standardised manner. However, there are no reports on platelet function in horses with colic measured by the PFA-100. The aim of the present study was to investigate platelet function in a group of horses suffering ascending colon displacement (ACD) and who underwent surgery compared to a group of control (C) horses. Thirty ACD cases and twenty untreated clinically healthy control horses were included. Blood samples were collected from the ACD horses prior to and 24, 48 and 72 h after laparotomy. Red blood cell count (RBC), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cell count (WBC), total plasma protein (TP) concentration, platelet count (PLT), platelet volume (MPV) and ADP closure time (CT-ADP) were measured. CT was determined on a PFA-100® device using collagen/ADP cartridges. There were no significant differences in RBC, PLT and MPV between C and ACD horses pre-operatively. Reduced PLT was observed in the post-operative period. The mean CT-ADP of C horses was 96.43 ± 12.53 and 91.43 ± 2.51 seconds in the ACD group prior to surgery. CT-ADP was changed after surgery whereby CT-ADP time was more than doubled. We conclude that the PFA-100® can be used to detect platelet function defects in horses. Keywords: colic, closure time, ascending colon displacement, PFA-100, platelets, horse Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 476-482 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8438-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8438-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8438-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Sanchis Author-Workplace-Name: Parasitology Department, University of República (Regional Norte), Salto, Uruguay Author-Name: J. Suarez Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Author-Name: G.V. Hillyer Author-Workplace-Name: School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, USA Author-Name: J.A. Hernandez Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Author-Name: M.A. Solari Author-Workplace-Name: Parasitology Department, Veterinary Laboratories Division (DILAVE), Uruguay Author-Name: C. Cazapal-Monteiro Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Author-Name: A.M. Duque de Araujo Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Author-Name: L.M. Madeira de Carvalho Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Author-Name: A. Paz-Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Author-Name: R. Sanchez-Andrade Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Author-Name: M.S. Arias Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Lugo, Spain Title: Determination of exposure to Fasciola hepatica in horses from Uruguay using a recombinant-based ELISA Abstract: The risk of exposure to Fasciola hepatica in horses from Uruguay was evaluated using ELISA and a recombinant surface protein (FhrAPS). Blood samples were collected from 368 horses from different districts. Detection of antibodies and the seasonal IgG pattern against the trematode was also established. The overall seroprevalence was 54% (ranging 23% November to 93% December). Significantly higher values were observed in the Anglo-Arab horses (86%) and in those older than xix year (63%). No sex- or origin-differences were observed. Two primary risk periods for infection in Uruguay have been identified, the end of spring and autumn. Exposure to the fluke should be taken into account among those horses feeding on pastures grazed by ruminants. Using FhrAPS-ELISA, helpful information concerning the risk of horses to the infection by trematode can be obtained. This test allows the opportunity to compare the results achieved in different laboratories by minimising specific regional effects. Keywords: Fasciola hepatica, equine, Uruguay, sensitisation, FhrAPS Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 483-488 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8439-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8439-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8439-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Kiarie Author-Workplace-Name: DuPont Industrial Biosciences-Danisco Animal Nutrition, Marlborough, United Kingdom Author-Workplace-Name: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada Author-Name: I.H. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C.M. Nyachoti Author-Workplace-Name: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada Title: Effect of genotype on heat production and net energy value of a corn-soybean meal-based diet fed to growing pigs Abstract: The net energy (NE) system takes into account the metabolic utilisation of energy and has been proposed as a superior system for characterising the energy value of feeds. In growing pigs, the inefficiency of ME utilisation for NE (or the heat increment, HI) is dependent on many factors, among them the genotype, which implies that published NE prediction equations may not apply across all genotypes. We conducted a study to investigate the effect of two genotypes (Yorkshire-Hampshire♀ × Duroc♂; YH × D) and Large white♀ × Landrace♂; LW × LR) on heat production (HP) and NE value of a corn soybean meal-based diet fed to growing pigs. The diet met or exceeded the nutrient specifications of 20-50 kg b.w. pigs according to NRC (1998). A total of sixteen barrows were used, eight of each genotype (initial b.w. of 20.1 ± 1.1 and 19.0 ± 0.9 kg for YH ×D and LW × LR, respectively). Pigs were initially fed at 550 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day (high ME intake) for determination of DE and ME in metabolism crates. Thereafter, HP was measured using an indirect calorimeter at either high ME or 330 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day (low ME intake) to estimate fasting HP (FHP) by regression. Pigs were allowed a 3-d adaptation period at low ME intake before measurement of HP. Irrespective of the genotype, a reduction of ME intake resulted in a decrease (P < 0.0001) of HP (352 for high ME vs. 292 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day for low ME). Pigs of LW × LR tended (P = 0.07) to have higher HP than those of YH× D and their estimated FHP was 175 and 103 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day, respectively. The determined diet NE value was lower for the YHxD genotype (2,307 vs. 2633 kcal/kg DMI, P = 0.01) than for the LW × LR genotype. Pigs of LW × LR genotype showed lower (179 vs. 226 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day, P = 0.003) HI than YH × D genotype and were determined to retain less energy as protein (100 vs. 123 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day, P =0.04) and more energy as fat (73 vs. 42 kcal/kg b.w.-0.60/day, P = 0.04). The diet NE value was 96% (LW × LR) and 81% (YH × D) of the predicted NE from published equations. In conclusion, a corn-soybean meal fed at equal amounts resulted in different HP and NE value depending on genotype. Keywords: energy utilisation, genotype, growing pigs, heat production, net energy Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 489-498 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8440-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8440-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8440-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Strakova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Suchy Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Navratil Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Herzig Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Machacek Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Levels of nitrogenous substances and amino acids in bodies of Ross 308 hybrid cocks and hens over the course of rearing Abstract: Over the course of Ross 308 hybrid broiler chick cock and hen rearing, whole chicken bodies including feathers were monitored for changes in the levels of nitrogenous substances, essential amino acids (EAA) and non-essential amino acids (NEAA). At five-day intervals (Days 1, 5, 9, 15, 20, 26, 30, 35 and 40 of rearing), randomly selected chickens were slaughtered after 24 h of fasting. Over the course of rearing, N-substance levels ranged from 629.1 to 429.0 g/kg dry matter in hen bodies and from 616.0 to 477.3 g/kg dry matter in cock bodies. N-substance levels were statistically significantly different in the two sexes on rearing Days 35 and 40 (P ≤ 0.01). The levels of all amino acids (AA) in dry body matter of chickens up to 15 days of age dropped significantly over time, while in the period from Day 20 to Day 40, some AA levels increased or reached the baseline. With most AA, the levels were lower in hens than in cocks over the course of the trial. At the end of the trial (Days 35 and 40), statistically significant differences between the sexes were found for most EAA (P ≤ 0.01; P ≤ 0.05). NEAA, except for Ser and Ala, were also significantly higher in cocks on Days 35 and 40 (P ≤ 0.01; P ≤ 0.05). Among the monitored EAA, the dry matter of the bodies of hens exhibited the highest levels of Leu, 8.70% on average, followed by Val 6.54%, Lys 5.26%, Ile 5.25%, Thr 4.84%, Phe 4.30%, Tyr 2.51% and Met 2.21%. Leu was also the most abundant in the cock bodies, 8.42% on average, followed by Val 6.30%, Lys 5.36%, Ile 5.06%, Thr 4.57%, Phe 4.45%, Tyr 2.88% and Met 2.17%. Knowledge of the levels of nitrogenous substances, EAA and NEAA in the whole bodies of broiler chickens including feathers will help to determine optimal rearing conditions. Keywords: broiler, nitrogenous substance, amino acid, essential, non-essential Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 499-508 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8441-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8441-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8441-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.S. Aramli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Author-Name: M.R. Kalbassi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran Author-Name: R.M. Nazari Author-Workplace-Name: Rajaee Sturgeon Hatchery Center, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran Author-Name: K. Sarvi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Title: Relationships between selected sperm characteristics and fertilisation success in the beluga sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758) Abstract: We examined the relationships between a number of sperm characteristics (motility, concentration and pH) and sperm fertility (egg fertilisation and hatching rate) in 10 mature females and four mature males of the beluga sturgeon, Huso huso. The fish were treated with luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonists (LHRH-A2), at a dose of 5-10 µg/kg of body weight (BW) by injection into the muscle between the dorsal and lateral scutes. Significant linear relationships were found between sperm pH and fertilisation rate (R2 = 0.82, P < 0.01) and sperm pH and hatching rate (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.05). Highly negative relationships were also observed between sperm concentration and fertilisation rate (R2 =-0.71, P < 0.05) and sperm concentration and hatching rate (R2 = -0.83, P < 0.01). We suggest that understanding these correlations is critical in the evaluation of sperm quality and for the preparation of media (extender) for use in sperm dilution to improve sperm motility/fertility and therefore increase fertilisation success in beluga sturgeon production. Keywords: sperm quality parameters, fertilisation, hatching, Huso huso Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 509-514 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8442-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8442-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8442-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Matejova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vicenova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Vojtek Author-Workplace-Name: Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Kudlackova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Nedbalcova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Faldyna Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Sisperova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Modra Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol on the immune responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Abstract: The trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is commonly found as a natural contaminant in cereals such as wheat, barley, and corn, and exhibits various toxicological effects when present in animal feeds. The effects of DON at a nominal 2 mg/kg feed on immune responses of rainbow trout were investigated, including relative gene expression of important cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-10), lysozyme concentration in skin mucus, and level of antigen-specific IgM in blood plasma after vaccination with the commercial vaccine AquaVac ERM containing Yersinia ruckeri type 1 (Hagerman strain). Twenty one-year-old rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were randomly divided into two groups. The control received a commercial feed with a naturally occurring low level of DON (225 μg/kg feed), while an experimental group was fed the same formulation with DON added to 1964 μg/kg feed. The trial continued for 23 days. Consumption of feed with added DON showed a significant effect on the immune system, as indicated by a higher level of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (P < 0.05) and of IL-8 (non-significant) in head kidney. Expression of the pro-inflammatory gene IL-1β and the expression of a gene encoding anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were not influenced by DON treatment. Effects on the concentration of skin mucus lysozyme and specific IgM antibody levels were not observed during this experiment. These results suggest that prolonged ingestion of low doses of DON may influence the immune responses of rainbow trout. Keywords: fish, feedstuffs, mycotoxin, immune system Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 515-521 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8443-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8443-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8443-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Vengust Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: T. Svara Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: M. Gombac Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: D. Zele Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Title: Enzootic ataxia associated with copper deficiency in a farmed red deer: a case report Abstract: The occurrence of enzootic ataxia in a farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) is reported. A nine-year-old male presented with progressive ataxia, hind limb weakness, sudden falling down while running and temporary inability to rise. Gross and histopathological examinations of organs, haematology, serum biochemistry and measurement of concentrations of copper and molybdenum in the liver were done. Examination of fresh liver tissue and blood serum revealed very low copper concentrations of 15.7 mmol/kg and 1 mmol/l, respectively. Histopathology revealed typical severe bilaterally symmetrical vacuolisation of white matter of pons cerebelli and spinal cord, and hepatic haemosiderosis. According to the clinical signs and laboratory results, a diagnosis of enzootic ataxia due to copper deficiency was made. To the best of our knowledge, these cooper values in blood serum and liver tissue are the lowest ever reported in deer with clinically expressed enzootic ataxia. Keywords: Cervus elaphus, enzootic ataxia, copper, diagnosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 522-526 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8444-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8444-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8444-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Joint Center of Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K. Shim Author-Workplace-Name: Joint Center of Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: T. Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Joint Center of Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S. Kang Author-Workplace-Name: Joint Center of Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea Title: Clinical application of bone forming peptide-1 for nonunion fracture healing in a dog with Cushing's disease: a case report Abstract: A nine-year-old, female Shih Tzu dog was referred to Chonnam National University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a non-weight bearing lameness, pain in the right forelimb, increased appetite, and dermatological changes. A complete transverse fracture of the right ulnar trochlear notch was detected on survey radiographs. Cushing's disease was diagnosed using the adrenocorticotropic hormone test. The fracture site was repaired using an intramedullary (IM) pin, a 2.0 miniplate and screws, and 1 mg of bone forming peptide-1 (BFP-1) was applied to the fracture site. Post-operative radiographs were performed immediately, and at two and 17 weeks after the first surgery. After the first surgery, the patient fell from the bed, and the IM pin was broken. Thus, a second surgery was performed, and the broken IM pin was removed. To stimulate bone healing, we applied Matrigel containing 3 mg of BFP-1 to the fracture site 20 weeks after the first surgery. A narrowed fracture gap was seen radiographically three weeks after the second surgery, and a hard callus was observed on the cranial fracture line at eight weeks. Bone mineral density at the fracture site increased at 16 weeks. Gradual fracture healing was observed on radiographs over the 35 week period following the second surgery. Keywords: nonunion fracture healing, bone forming peptide-1, Matrigel, Cushing's disease, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 527-531 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8445-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8445-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201509-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8445-VETMED