Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.H. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K.T. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Health Center of Zoo Land, Daejeon O-World Theme Park, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.H. Yun Author-Workplace-Name: Incheon Grand Park Children Zoo, Namdong-gu, Incheon Metropolitan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: E. Choi Author-Workplace-Name: Smile Equine Clinic, Gangseo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: G.H. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Seowon Equine Clinic, Jeju-si, Jeju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y.S. Park Author-Workplace-Name: Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K.H. Cho Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Livestock Management, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S. Yi Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: O.D. Kwon Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: T.H. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D. Kwak Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea Title: Serological and molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses reared in Korea Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the nationwide prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses reared in Korea using a commercial ELISA kit and two different nested PCR (nPCR) analyses. Our analysis showed that 2.9% (true prevalence: 3.1%, 16/549) of the horses were seropositive by ELISA, and none were positive by the two nPCR analyses. Significant differences were observed in the ELISA results when the data were analysed according to breed and geographic region. In light of a recent case of human granulocytic anaplasmosis in Korea and the predicted increase in the number and distribution of ticks due to global warming, continuous monitoring and appropriate control programs for Anaplasma spp. and other tick-borne pathogens need to be established. Keywords: anaplasmosis, ELISA, equine, PCR, Korea Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 533-538 Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8491-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8491-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201510-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:10:id:8491-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Holickova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dolezel Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Cech Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Title: Post-calving administration of uterine stimulants does not improve reproductive performance in dairy cows Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of administration of oxytocin, in combination with dinoprost or ergometrin, after parturition on the occurrence of clinical endometritis and subsequent reproductive performance in dairy cows. The cows, without retained foetal membranes, were assigned to one of three groups. No treatment was performed in the control group (Group C, n = 229). However, intramuscular administrations of oxytocin (30 IU) on Days 1 and 2 post partum, in combination with dinoprost (25 mg, Group D, n = 123) or ergometrin (15 mg, Group E, n = 130) administered on Day 7 post partum, were performed in experimental groups. Vaginal discharge score (VDS, 1-5), uterine content score (UCS, 1-3) on Day14 to 21 post partum, number of treatment interventions (TI), proportion of non-treated cows (NT) because of endometritis, calving to first insemination interval (CI), first insemination conception rate (CR), and proportion of pregnant cows by Day 150 post partum (PC), were compared among groups. There was no significant difference among groups for any parameter. Average values were 2.08, 2.24 and 2.06 (VDS); 1.49, 1.51 and 1.45 (UCS); 0.86, 0.93 and 0.74 (TI); 59.4, 54.2 and 54.7% (NT); 73.9 ± 15.2, 75.4 ± 17 and 74.2 ± 17 days (CI); 41.4, 38.9 and 44.3% (CR); and 75.4, 77.7 and 80.5% (PC) for Groups C, D and E, respectively. There was no significant benefit of preventive administration of oxytocin, in combination with dinoprost or ergometrin, after parturition on reproductive performance in dairy cows. Keywords: cow, endometritis, oxytocin, dinoprost, ergometrin, reproductive parameters Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 539-543 Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8492-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8492-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201510-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:10:id:8492-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.M. Hossain Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.I. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: I.H. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, Republic of Korea Title: Effects of bromelain supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, faecal microbial shedding, faecal score and faecal noxious gas emission in weanling pigs Abstract: A total of 140 weanling pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] with an average body weight (b.w.) of 6.75 ± 1.48 kg were used in a six-week trial. Pigs were randomly allotted to one of four experimental treatments according to their initial b.w. (seven pens per treatment with five pigs per pen). Dietary treatments were: CON = control diet, T1 = CON + 0.05% bromelain, T2 = CON + 0.10% bromelain, T3 = CON + 0.20% bromelain. The experiment was divided into two phases (Days 1 to 14 and Days 15 to 42). All diets, in mash form, were formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements (NRC, 2012) for weanling pigs. Feed intake and b.w. were monitored at the end of each phase. T3 treatment had greater (342 vs. 305 g; 409 vs. 387 g; P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than CON treatment in Phase 1. In Phase 2, the ADG was improved (from T1 to T3: 612, 616, 637 vs. 583 g; P < 0.05) in all bromelain treatments compared with CON treatment, ADFI and growth efficiency (G : F) ratio of T3 treatment were higher (833 vs. 803 g; 0.765 vs. 0.726 g; P < 0.05) compared with CON treatment. Overall, T3 treatment showed greater (539 vs. 490 g; 691 vs. 664 g; P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI than CON. Moreover, pigs fed bromelain diets exhibited increased (0.769, 0.770, 0.780 vs. 0.738; P < 0.05) G : F ratios compared with those fed CON diet. Pigs fed bromelain diets exhibited increased (two weeks: 79.06, 79.97, 79.42 vs. 77.98%; 78.51, 78.86, 78.43 vs. 75.69%; six weeks: 74.49, 74.67, 75.02 vs. 72.70 %; 69.43, 70.78, 71.32 vs. 73.39%; P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter and nitrogen compared with those fed CON diet at Week 2 and Week 6. On Day 42, the blood creatinine in the CON group was higher (1.30 vs. 1.04, 0.97, 0.88 mg/dl; P < 0.05) compared with the bromelain treatment groups. Faecal E. coli counts were decreased (6.22 vs. 6.41 log10 cfu/g; P < 0.05) in T2 treatment compared with CON treatment. The faecal ammonia (NH3) gas emission in T2 and T3 treatments decreased (17.72, 17.33 vs. 22.95 ppm; P < 0.05) compared with CON. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 0.2% bromelain has here been shown to improve the growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and N and to decrease E. coli and faecal NH3 gas emission in weanling pigs. Keywords: apparent total tract digestibility, blood creatinine, E. coli, NH3 gas emission Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 544-552 Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8493-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8493-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201510-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:10:id:8493-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Stanojevic Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection-Directorate for National Reference Laboratories, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: M. Valcic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: S. Stanojevic Author-Workplace-Name: Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: S. Radojicic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: S. Avramov Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: Z. Tambur Author-Workplace-Name: Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia Title: Simulation of a classical swine fever outbreak in rural areas of the Republic of Serbia Abstract: Several different strategies for control and eradication of classical swine fever (CSF) were compared using a Monte Carlo method-based simulation model. The control strategy analysed in this paper, in addition to other CSF control measures, includes application of biosecurity measures on pig farms and rural backyard holdings. Elements of the control strategy are based on applicable regulations and include the simulation of detection of the disease, setting up the protected and surveillance zones, standstill of pig movements and restricted movement of animals, vehicles, equipment, and people with strong control measures in protection and surveillance zones, euthanasia of susceptible pigs, protective vaccination of pigs, compensation etc. During the simulation, different output parameters were compared such as: duration of epidemic of a disease, number of affected holdings and animals, direct costs such as those for dead or culled animals, costs of surveillance, disposal of infectious materials, cleaning and disinfection. Depopulation of affected animals with early diagnostics and vaccination in the protection and surveillance zone proved to be the most effective measures to stop the spread and for the eradication of the disease. Moreover, during the simulation, systematic implementation of biosecurity measures in all pig production clusters was demonstrated to be an appropriate strategy for sustainable control of CSF and the establishment of a stable epidemiological situation. Keywords: Monte Carlo simulation, classical swine fever, biosecurity measures, control strategy Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 553-566 Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8494-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8494-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201510-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:10:id:8494-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.F. Gallelli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina Author-Name: N. Monachesi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina Author-Name: D.D. Miceli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina Author-Name: M.F. Cabrera Blatter Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina Author-Name: N.V. Gomez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina Author-Name: A. Meikle Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Science Faculty, Republic University, Montevideo, Uruguay Author-Name: V.A. Castillo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina Title: Plasma ACTH, α-MSH and cortisol variations in the dog during the oestrous cycle in different photoperiods Abstract: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is a complex system regulated by multiple factors. Sexual dimorphism of this axis has been described in different species under physiological conditions and it has been proposed that sexual hormones could have an effect on it. There are only a few reports about sex-linked variations in HPA axis hormones in the dog. Thus, studying the impact of sexual hormones on the HPA axis would broaden the knowledge about its function in this species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether there are variations in HPA plasma hormones (ACTH, alfa-melanocyte-stimulating hormone [α-MSH] and cortisol) according to the sex and photoperiod (positive or negative photoperiod were considered when the duration of the light hours of the day was more than 12 or less than 12, respectively) under basal conditions (like anoestrus) and throughout the oestrous cycle in the female dog. The population under study consisted of 11 intact female and 14 intact male dogs. Under basal conditions neither ACTH nor α-MSH concentrations showed differences between sexes and different photoperiods. Cortisol showed greater values in the negative photoperiod than in the positive, both in females and males (P = 0.03 and P = 0.015, respectively). Throughout the oestrous cycle, all the studied hormones showed variations (P < 0.0001). The greatest concentrations of ACTH were observed at proestrus, while α-MSH and cortisol showed their greatest concentrations at oestrus. The three hormones decreased in diestrus. ACTH and cortisol concentrations were higher in the negative photoperiod (P = 0.04 and P < 0.0001, respectively), while α-MSH concentrations were higher in the positive photoperiod (P = 0.012). In the group of females oestradiol and progesterone correlated with ACTH (r = 0.75, P < 0.0001; r = 0.34, P < 0.01, respectively), α-MSH (r = 0.49, P < 0.0001; r = 0.52, P < 0.0001, respectively) and cortisol (r = 0.33, P < 0.01; r = 0.5, P < 0.0001, respectively). These results show that in females, HPA axis hormones vary during the oestrous cycle in relation to oestradiol and progesterone fluctuations. The ACTH, α-MSH and cortisol concentrations also showed differences between photoperiods in females, but only cortisol did so in males. These findings suggest that sexual hormones could have an effect on the HPA axis. Further research needs to be done to fully understand this interaction and the mechanisms involved. Keywords: corticotroph cell, adrenal gland, ACTH, oestrous cycle, sexual dimorphism Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 567-577 Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8495-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8495-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201510-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:10:id:8495-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Uhrikova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Machackova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Rauserova-Lexmaulova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Janova Author-Workplace-Name: CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Doubek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Risk factors for gastric dilatation and volvulus in central Europe: an internet survey Abstract: The aim of this internet-based questionnaire was to determine risk factors for the development and survival of gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) in dogs in central Europe. The questionnaire focused on general information, feeding and elimination behaviour, family history, personality and routine habits, was freely distributed on the internet. Respondents were recruited by e-mail, and announcement of the survey on websites focused on dogs or breeder clubs and flyers in veterinary clinics and at dog shows. Responses from the owners of 785 dogs were analysed. Data underwent descriptive statistical and logistic regression analysis. Factors associated with an increased risk of GDV are intact male, specific breed, pet food and first-degree relative with gastric-dilatation and volvulus. In contrast, low risk was observed in spayed females, dogs eating meals with large particles, dogs with frequent defecation or in dogs kept at home. Non-survivors had a significantly longer time between food consumption and the development of clinical signs than survivors. We conclude that the risk of GDV development is associated with several factors. Some of these can be influenced by the owner or veterinarian. Keywords: gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, prognostic factors, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 578-587 Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8496-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8496-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201510-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:10:id:8496-VETMED