Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Bzdil Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Institute in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Holy Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Chmelar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic Title: Gram-positive aerobic and microaerophilic microorganisms isolated from pathological processes and lesions of horses Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterise the genera and species of Gram-positive aerobic and microaerophilic microorganisms isolated from pathological processes and lesions in horses. In the period 2009-2014, 449 clinical samples from horses were examined. Of these, 229 (51%) were collected from the respiratory tract, 121 (26.9%) from the skin, 40 (8.9%) from the gastrointestinal tract, 40 (8.9%) from the eyes, 8 (1.8%) from the urinary tract, 6 (1.3%) from the musculoskeletal system, 4 (0.9%) from the lymphatic system and 1 (0.2%) from milk. The isolates were presumptively identified phenotypically, and identification was confirmed by molecular phenotypic MALDI-TOF. The most frequently detected strains (n = 330) were Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp. with prevalence rates of 37.2%, 23.4% and 7.6%, respectively. In addition, 24 other taxa were identified, including Enterococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Trueperella pyogenes, Aerococcus viridans, Dermatophilus congolensis, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Nocardiopsis alba and Streptomyces spp. Most of these are described as opportunistic pathogens of animals, including horses. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disc diffusion method. Florfenicol and amoxycillin with clavulanic acid were the most effective antibiotics. The susceptibility to florfenicol was 100% for tested strains of Bacillus spp., Lysinibacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Dermatophilus congolensis, Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Aerococcus spp., Nocardiopsis alba and Trueperella pyogenes. The susceptibilities of Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococci to florfenicol were 96.2% and 98.5% in tested strains, respectively. Amoxycillin with clavulanic acid exhibited 100% effectiveness against Corynebacterium spp., Dermatophilus congolensis, Streptococcus spp., Aerococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Streptomyces spp., Nocardiopsis alba and Trueperella pyogenes tested strains. The susceptibilities of Staphylococcus aureus, other staphylococci and Bacillus/Lysinibacillus spp. to amoxycillin with clavulanic acid were 89.8%, 98.8% and 20.0% of tested strains, respectively. Keywords: prevalence, pathogenicity, clinical, immunity, barrier, susceptibility Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 1-9 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/107/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/107/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:107-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.M. Girardi Author-Name: C.Z.P. Toledo Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil Author-Name: P.C. Silva Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil Author-Name: L.C. Marques Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil Title: The effect of age and sex on serum proteins in the Pega donkey (Equus asinus) Abstract: In this study sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to evaluate the influence of age and sex on serum proteins in 110 Pega donkeys, 79 females and 31 males, classified into three age groups (under one year - eight animals; one to three years - 33 animals and over three years old - 69 animals). SDS-PAGE allowed identification of 10 serum proteins, some with unknown functions. No age-related differences were observed (P > 0.05) for haptoglobin, α1-acid glycoprotein and 23 kDa molecular weight protein (MWP23) and no sex-related differences (P > 0.05) for immunoglobulin A, albumin, MWP23 and haptoglobin. With advancing age, immunoglobulin A levels decreased (P < 0.001), whereas immunoglobulin G levels increased (P < 0.001). The youngest donkeys showed the lowest albumin (P < 0.001) and 33 kDa molecular weight protein (MWP33) (P < 0.05) means. The oldest group showed a higher transferrin mean (P < 0.05) than the youngest one. Animals between one and three years had the highest mean (P < 0.001) for 138 kDa molecular weight protein (MWP138). Animals over three years showed higher ceruloplasmin levels (P < 0.05) than the one-to-three year old group. Males showed greater means of MWP138 (P < 0.05), ceruloplasmin (P < 0.05), α1-acid glycoprotein (P < 0.001) and MWP33 (P < 0.01). Females had higher transferrin (P < 0.001) and immunoglobulin G (P < 0.001) concentrations. Sex and age influenced the levels of the majority of proteins in the serum profile of Pega donkeys, including some acute phase proteins. Our results differ from those of previous studies in the effects of breed and environmental factors on some of the measured variables. Keywords: acute-phase proteins, biochemistry, blood protein electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 10-15 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/397/2014-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/397/2014-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:397-2014-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Trckova Author-Name: A. Lorencova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Babak Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Neca Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Ciganek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium humate (HNa), applied to feed or drinking water as a partial substitution for pharmacological doses of ZnO, on clinical, biochemical and haematological indicators of health status, oxidative stress and the serum fatty acid (FA) profile in weaned piglets. Weaned piglets (32) were allocated into four groups: Control = basal diet containing 110 mg ZnO/kg; ZnO 2.5 = pharmacological dose of ZnO (2.5 g ZnO/kg); ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f) = 1.7 g ZnO and 20.0 g HNa/kg; ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w) = 1.7 g ZnO/kg and drinking water with 0.2% HNa. All ZnO treatments resulted in good performance and clinical health of piglets in contrast to Control, which contained three diarrhoeic piglets. Increased triacylglycerols in the ZnO 2.5 and ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w) groups in comparison with Control suggested increased energy metabolism after treatments. Neither total cholesterol, nor HDL and LDL were affected by treatments. Piglets treated with ZnO and HNa had (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w)) or tended to have (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f)) lower urea in serum. Significantly (in ZnO 2.5 and ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f)) or non-significantly (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w)) higher haematocrit and haemoglobin levels were detected in the blood of treated piglets. Long-term ZnO 2.5 treatment significantly increased serum 8-iso-PGF2α, the most reliable biomarker of oxidative stress. Partial substitution of ZnO by HNa positively affected the oxidative status of piglets as evidenced by significant (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w)) or non-significant (ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f)) declines in serum 8-iso-PGF2α. ZnO 2.5 treatment significantly decreased saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and increased PUFA n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratios in serum compared to Control. The synthesis of some physiologically significant long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA), namely n-6 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and n-3 eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic was negatively affected by ZnO 2.5 treatment. Both ZnO 1.7 + HNa (f)/(w) treatments significantly increased the proportion of SFA and PUFA n-3 and decreased PUFA n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratios in comparison with ZnO 2.5 and the effect was more considerable in ZnO 1.7 + HNa (w). Most individual PUFA n-3 and n-6 as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio in both treatments were similar to Control. The results indicate that the partial substitution of ZnO by HNa can benefit performance and health of weaned piglets to a similar extent as a high pharmacological dose of ZnO, whereas it can decrease the oxidative stress induced by prolonged over-supplementation of ZnO. Additionally, such a treatment can eliminate the unfavourable effect of high ZnO doses on the n-6/n-3 ratio and the proportion of some physiologically significant LC-PUFA in serum. Generally, it can be concluded that the effects of feed and water HNa supplementation are similar, but are more pronounced when HNa is applied to drinking water. Keywords: humic substances, pig, lipid metabolism, eicosanoids, serum biochemistry, haematology, performance, GC/MS, LC/MS-MS Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 16-28 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/70/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/70/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:70-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y. Choi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: E. Jeong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: H. Oh Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y. Jung Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Author-Workplace-Name: Office of Research Management, Research Promotion Team, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: J. Jeong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y. Cho Author-Workplace-Name: College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea Title: Feasibility of dental panoramic radiography for dental arch evaluation in small animals Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of dental panoramic radiography for dental arch evaluation in small animals. The dental arches of four Beagles, one Shih Tzu dog, and three Korean short-haired cats were radiographed using human panoramic X-rays. All animals were under general anaesthesia during the examination. The animals' heads were placed horizontal to the panoramic device, just as a human's head is placed in panoramic dental assessments. All animals were evaluated with an open and closed mouth view (human view). In the closed mouth view, the animal was provided a bite blocker for proper placement of the oral cavity. The open mouth view angle was approximately 30-45°. The maxilla and mandible were held in position with radiolucent 3M tape. The standard scoring measurement was performed based on visibility of the tooth root and the sharpness of the dento-alveolar margin. No significant differences in scoring were noticed between the two positions. The visibility of teeth roots in Beagles was far better than that in the Shih Tzu dogs and two Korean short-haired cats. In addition, the Beagle series showed sharp dento-alveolar margin scores. These results suggest that human panoramic dental X-rays represent a possible dental evaluation tool for animals with large skulls. Keywords: dog, panoramic X-ray, dental radiograph, large skull Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 29-34 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/18/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/18/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:18-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Vrbovska Author-Name: L. Hornakova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animals Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Drahovska Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animals Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Kozar Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animals Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Trbolova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animals Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: The use of colour Doppler imaging to determine the effects of administration of butorphanol, medetomidine and ketamine on indices of feline ocular impedance Abstract: Doppler impedance indices, such as the resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI), are commonly used to characterise resistance to the flow in the vascular system. Chemical restraint can potentially affect these indices, although in some patients such restraint is necessary before ultrasonographic examination. The objective of this study was to compare ocular vascular velocity parameters, measured using Doppler imaging, in healthy conscious cats and in cats after administration of a combination of anaesthetics (butorphanol, medetomidine and ketamine). Twelve healthy cats of different breeds and both sexes were studied using Doppler imaging. The long posterior ciliary arteries in both eyes were examined. Mean comparison tests (paired and unpaired t-test) were used to determine whether any significant differences existed between right and left ocular indices and between sexes. A correlation study was applied between RI, PI and body weight. There were no significant differences in RI and PI between left and right eyes. Values also did not significantly differ among males and females. The RI and PI in long posterior ciliary arteries of cats anaesthetised with butorphanol, medetomidine and ketamine were significantly lower than those of healthy conscious cats. There was no correlation between impedance indices and body weight. Keywords: anaesthesia, cat, eye, posterior ciliary artery, resistive index, pulsatility index Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 35-40 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/77/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/77/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:77-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Knotek Title: Induction to inhalation anaesthesia in agamid lizards with alfaxalone Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate intravenous anaesthesia with alfaxalone for tracheal tube insertion in three species of agamid lizards. Alfaxalone, at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg, was administered intravenously to 80 inland bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps), 10 Rankin's dragons (Pogona henrylawsoni) and 10 Chinese water dragons (Physignathus cocincinus) following 24 h of fasting. The righting reflex in inland bearded dragons, Rankin's dragons and Chinese water dragons was lost within 12-45 s (17.52 ± 8.80 s), 15-40 s (24.60 ± 9.61 s) and 12-40 s (21.70 ± 9.53 s), respectively. The mean tracheal tube insertion time for inland bearded dragons, Rankin's dragons and Chinese water dragons was 23.61 ± 10.91 s, 35.30 ± 14.71 s and 32.00 ± 14.32 s, respectively. Intravenous use of alfaxalone proved to be a suitable method for safe tracheal tube insertion and induction to inhalation anaesthesia in agamid lizards. Keywords: surgery, reptiles, reflexes, tracheal tube insertion, bearded dragon, Rankin's dragon, water dragon Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 41-43 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/91/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/91/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:91-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K.S. Oh Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C.H. Son Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C.H. Park Title: Spontaneous nephro-cutaneous fistula with pyonephrosis in two dogs: two case reports Abstract: This report describes the case of spontaneous nephro-cutaneous fistula with pyonephrosis due to renal calculi and obstructive nephropathy without renal surgery or trauma history in two dogs. A five-year-old, female, Shih-tzu and a seven-year-old, female, Maltese were presented with erythematous swelling, and subcutaneous abscess formation in their flanks. Complementary exams were performed and ultrasonography revealed marked enlargement of the kidneys with hyperechoic purulent debris filling, subcutaneous abscesses and the formation of draining sinus tracts between renal abscesses and subcutaneous tissue. At surgery, kidneys were grossly dilated and contained purulent material, which was visible in the draining sinus tract in the abdominal wall. Thus, a nephrectomy was performed. The dogs recovered uneventfully and three months later there were no further specific problems. Keywords: dog, obstructive nephropathy, renal calculi, subcutaneous abscess Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 44-47 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/184/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/184/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:184-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. de Cosmo Author-Workplace-Name: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy Author-Name: D. Mazzoni Author-Workplace-Name: Dorica Veterinary Clinic, Ancona, Italy Author-Name: A. Campanati Author-Workplace-Name: Dermatological Clinic, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy Author-Name: G.E. Magi Author-Workplace-Name: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy Author-Name: D. Beghelli Author-Workplace-Name: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy Title: Cutaneous leishmaniosis in a dog vaccinated with LiESP/QA-21: effective or defective vaccine-related immune surveillance? A case report Abstract: Leishmania, an intracellular protozoan parasite, is endemic, widespread and represents a public health problem in most countries of the Mediterranean basin as it is implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases both in humans and animals. Vaccination of canines remains the best control strategy to counteract the progression of active infection for canine disease in areas of the world where transmission to humans is primarily zoonotic. This case report describes the history of a four-year-old dog vaccinated against canine leishmaniosis that was presented to a private clinic for the onset of a nodular skin lesion. Besides normal haematological and biochemical analyses, the histopathological examination of the removed skin lesion revealed the presence of Leishmania amastigotes. The presence of the protozoa in the skin lesion of a vaccinated dog is discussed. Keywords: Leishmania infantum, skin nodule, vaccine, amastigote Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 48-51 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/48/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201701-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:48-2016-VETMED