Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G.M. Madruga Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, Brazil Author-Name: L.Z. Crivellenti Author-Workplace-Name: Franca University (UNIFRAN), Franca, Brazil Author-Name: S. Borin-Crivellenti Author-Workplace-Name: Franca University (UNIFRAN), Franca, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Brazil Author-Name: C.A. Cintra Author-Workplace-Name: Franca University (UNIFRAN), Franca, Brazil Author-Name: L.G. Gomes Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, Brazil Author-Name: P.R. Spiller Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, Brazil Title: Comparative use of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) in different animal species Abstract: Dimethyl sulphoxide has a variety of biological effects that have made it the subject of numerous pharmacological studies. The first dimethyl sulphoxide therapeutic indication approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1978 was for intravesical instillation in cases of interstitial cystitis. Since then, due to its distinctive properties, it has been the subject of studies in several areas. This review describes indications, adverse effects and contraindications, as takes a critical approach to the main articles addressing the clinical use of dimethyl sulphoxide. Keywords: dimethyl sulfoxide, indications, adverse effects, contraindications, interstitial cystitis, therapeutic properties, cryopreservation, DMSO toxicity, experimental models Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 179-185 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/176/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/176/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:176-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Akourki Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi, Maradi, Niger Author-Name: A. Echegaray Author-Workplace-Name: HUMECO Biotechnology Laboratory, C/Mateo Estaun Llanas, Huesca, Spain Author-Name: M.V. Falceto Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Author-Name: O. Mitjana Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Title: Factors influencing reproductive efficiency and pregnancy in Pura Raza Española mares Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyse ovarian activity and pregnancy in 140 Pura Raza Espanola mares over a period of two consecutive years. The data were analysed using SPSS software to evaluate the effects of age, category of mares and season on pre-ovulatory follicle size, ovulation rate, interval from foaling to pregnancy, gestation length, incidence of twin pregnancies and pregnancy losses. The results showed that follicular diameter was significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in fillies (3-year-old) and maiden mares than in older and multiparous mares. Within the group of animals treated with gonadotropin hormone hCG, 87.23% ovulated 48 h following administration. Length of gestation varied from 305 to 356 days and all gestation pregnancies of less than 305 days resulted in a non-viable foal. In addition, foaling season affected (P < 0.05) the post-partum conception interval and the length of gestation, which were shorter and longer in the winter foaling, respectively. Regarding the other parameters, mares of this stud exhibited relatively very low rates of double ovulations, twin pregnancies and pregnancy losses. We conclude that age and category of mares and foaling season influence fertility and foaling rates by affecting pre-ovulatory follicle size, pregnancy loss and gestation length. Keywords: mare, ovulation, pregnancy loss, post-partum, foaling, hCG, twin pregnancy Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 186-191 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/205/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/205/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:205-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Vincze Author-Workplace-Name: Kaposvar University, Kaposvar, Hungary Author-Name: C. Szabo Author-Workplace-Name: University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Author-Name: S. Veres Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Equine Rehabilitation and Health Service Ltd., Kaposvar, Hungary Author-Name: D. Uto Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Equine Rehabilitation and Health Service Ltd., Kaposvar, Hungary Author-Name: A.T. Hevesi Author-Workplace-Name: Hungarian Equine Rehabilitation and Health Service Ltd., Kaposvar, Hungary Title: Fitness improvement of show jumping horses with deep water treadmill training Abstract: Athletes, including equine athletes need high intensity training in order to achieve high performance. However, continuous high intensity training often results in injuries to the locomotive system. The buoyancy of water reduces the force born on joints; therefore, training in water has been used for rehabilitation purposes both in humans and horses. The few studies dealing with water treadmill training of horses suggest that the fitness of horses can be improved using this training method, but none tested the subsequent performance of horses after water training. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the effect of water training of varying intensity on the fitness-related parameters of show jumpers during training and after competition. Four similarly trained show jumper sport horse (aged between 7-11 years) competing at the same level (110 cm) were selected. Horses were subjected to 44-min deep water treadmill training with three intensities (9, 11, 13 km/h maximum speed) three times a week in addition to their normal training. At the conclusion of the week, horses participated in a two-day indoor show jumping event. Blood samples (4 ml) were taken from the jugular vein during the third water training and before and after the completion of the show jumping course on each day. From the blood plasma, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, as well as lactate, glucose and triglyceride levels were determined. Data analysis was carried out with SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, USA) using the GLM procedure and Duncan's new multiple range test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the same blood parameters from different sampling times. No interactions were detected between training intensity and sampling time during water training. Plasma lactate and glucose levels were decreased during the water training, while values increased afterwards. In contrast, heart rate, triglyceride and cortisol levels were elevated as a result of water training. Increasing the maximum speed of the water treadmill had no influence on the average heart rate of horses subjected to the training. Plasma lactate levels decreased with the increased maximum speed of the water trainer. Activities of AST, CK, LDH, and levels of cholesterol, cortisol and bilirubin decreased when the maximum speed of the treadmill was set to 11 km/h compared to the 9 km/h training. Water training resulted in lower heart rate measured right after completing the show jumping course when horses were subjected to medium intensity water training. The AST, CK and LDH activities measured before and after water training had only weak to moderate positive correlations with values measured after competition. In conclusion, our results indicate that deep-water training alters the biochemical processes and can improve the aerobic energy supply of show jumpers. Water training is a strenuous exercise, which initially leads to increased muscle damage. However, this initial phase is followed by subsequent adaptation. Keywords: equine, water training, show jumping, haematochemical indicators Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 192-199 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/135/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/135/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:135-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y. Ergun Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey Author-Name: Z. Cantekin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey Author-Name: K. Gurturk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey Author-Name: H. Solmaz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey Author-Name: I.H. Ekin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey Author-Name: D. Ozturk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey Title: Distribution of antiseptic resistance genes in Staphylococcus spp. from bovine mastitis Abstract: The purpose of this study was the determination of antiseptic resistance genes (qacA/B and qacC) from staphylococcal mastitis in cattle in various regions of Turkey. In total, 283 isolates (Burdur: 36, Hatay: 47 and Van: 200) were studied, and the antiseptic resistance genes were detected using simplex PCR. The distribution of the qacA/B and qacC genes, mediating resistance against quaternary ammonium compounds, was found to vary among the different isolates. The qacA/B genes were found in three of the Burdur isolates, six of the Hatay isolates and seven of the Van isolates. The qacC gene was found in two of the Burdur isolates, none of the Hatay isolates and two of the Van isolates. The presence of these genes and transmission among Staphylococcus spp. strains may pose risks in the control of mastitis, as well as to public health. Keywords: antiseptics, isolates, DNA, qacA/B genes Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 200-203 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/265/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/265/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:265-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Ozkadif Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Author-Name: E. Eken Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: M.O. Dayan Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: K. Besoluk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey Title: Determination of sex-related differences based on 3D reconstruction of the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) vertebral column from MDCT scans Abstract: This study was undertaken to obtain and analyse, on the basis of sex, three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions obtained by a 3D computer program from two-dimensional (2D) vertebral column sections taken by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images, in the chinchilla. A total of 16 adult chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera) of both sexes were used. The MDCT images were taken under general anaesthesia, and were then transferred to a personal computer on which 3D reconstructions were carried out using a 3D modelling program (Mimics 13.1). The volume, surface area and vertebral body length of each vertebra (except caudal region) forming the vertebral column were measured from the 3D models created. The ratios (in percentage) of the measurements of each vertebra (except the sacral ones) forming the vertebral column region (cervical part, thoracic part, lumbar part) were determined for statistical analysis. We detected significant differences (P < 0.05) between sexes in all vertebrae forming the vertebral column of the chinchilla with respect to volume, surface area and vertebral body length, except for C6 and L1. This study is the first to carry out 3D reconstructions of data obtained from CT images in the chinchilla and the obtained results contribute to a more detailed understanding of the anatomy of this species. Our strategy may also be useful for the design of experiments exploring the vertebral column in domestic mammals and humans. Keywords: morphometry, three-dimensional reconstruction, biometry, spine, anatomical structures Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 204-210 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/19/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/19/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:19-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y.R. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: E.M. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y.J. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Avian Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.G. Yeo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C.K. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Title: Multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for differential detection of H5, N1, and N8 genes of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses Abstract: Rapid and differential diagnosis of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5 is essential for the effective prevention and control of outbreaks caused by this pathogen. In this study, we describe a one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRRT-PCR), using H5-, N1-, and N8-specific primers and probes, for differential detection of two HPAIVs (H5N1 and H5N8) and other H5-subtype AIVs. Using the mRRT-PCR assay, we were able to detect H5N1, H5N8, and other H5-subtype AIVs in a one-tube reaction, with high specificity; furthermore, using an in silico PCR program, we confirmed that this assay can detect nearly all H5, N1, and N8 genes of AIVs currently available in the Influenza Sequence Database. The limit of detection of the assay was determined to be as low as 100 copies/reaction for each target gene, and was comparable to limits of detection of previously reported mRRT-PCR assays. Thus, the mRRT-PCR assay described here can serve as a rapid and reliable differential diagnostic tool for the monitoring and surveillance of H5N1, H5N8, and other H5-subtype AIVs in countries where these pathogens are problematic. Keywords: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, real-time RT-PCR, H5N1, H5N8 Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 211-220 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/179/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/179/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:179-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W.S. Proskura Author-Name: A. Lukaszewicz Author-Workplace-Name: West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: E. Dzierzba Author-Workplace-Name: West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: D. Cichon Author-Workplace-Name: West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: D. Zaborski Author-Workplace-Name: West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: W. Grzesiak Author-Workplace-Name: West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: A. Dybus Author-Workplace-Name: West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Title: The Cys83Gly amino acid substitution in feather keratin is associated with pigeon performance in long-distance races Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the g.710T>G polymorphism in the keratin gene, which results in a cysteine to glycine amino acid change at position 83 (Cys83Gly) in feather keratin, with homing pigeon racing performance. A total of 123 homing pigeons were investigated. The data set used in this study consisted of scores from 17 short races (less than 400 km) and 11 long races (greater than 500 km) that took place in the 2011 and 2012 racing seasons (2589 race records in total). The genotyping of the g.710T>G polymorphism was performed using the artificially created restriction site-PCR assay. The T allele and the TT genotype were prevalent with frequencies of 0.658 and 0.447, respectively. The TT pigeons had the highest mean of ace points in the long races and in all races overall, while the GT birds scored the best in the short races. Nevertheless, the effect of the polymorphism was significant only in the long races (P = 0.0451), in which the pigeons carrying the TT genotype showed better racing performance in comparison with those carrying the GG genotype (P ≤ 0.05). In order to explain this phenomenon, several bioinformatics tools were employed to check for the possible consequences of the Cys83Gly substitution for feather keratin. The cysteine at position 83 was indicated to form a disulphide bond, while the Cys83Gly substitution was predicted to disturb the stability of the protein. However, the predictions preformed using the different tools were not entirely consistent. Nevertheless, the loss of the cysteine at position 83 of pigeon feather keratin may affect the structure of feathers, thus changing their biomechanical characteristics, and consequently, may influence the flying ability of pigeons. Keywords: Columba livia, feather, keratin, pigeon racing, ACRS-PCR, F-KER, SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 221-225 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/271/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/271/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:271-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Karabagli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: B. Karan Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: U. Ugurlu Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: Z. Mutlu Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: F. Yildirim Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: I. Firat Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: A. Baran Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: A. Ucur Author-Workplace-Name: Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: A. Bayrak Author-Workplace-Name: Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: S. Ozturk Author-Workplace-Name: Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey Title: Bifid phallus with complete duplication and a separate scrotum in a German shepherd dog: a case report Abstract: Diphallia or penile duplication is a rare congenital abnormality thought to result from duplication of the cloacal membrane in the early developmental stages in the uterus. The present case concerned a 4-year old intact male German shepherd dog. The patient presented with a complaint of paraphimosis. Clinical, laboratory, radiological and ultrasonographic examinations were carried out. Semen samples collected prior to surgery were examined. Following amputation, the penis with paraphimosis was sent for histopathological investigation. Karyotype analysis of the patient was also performed. As well as the first report of this abnormality in Turkey, this case report represents the first report of this condition in a German shepherd dog. Keywords: penile, abnormality, congenital, diphallia Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 226-230 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/16/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:16-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Machova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Faina Author-Workplace-Name: ENKI, o.p.s. Trebon, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Randak Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Valentova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: C. Steinbach Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Kocour Kroupova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Fish death caused by gas bubble disease: a case report Abstract: This work summarises the findings of an investigation on a local trout farm (Czech Republic), which was carried out in connection with the repeated deaths of salmonids (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss). These fishes were reared in newly installed tanks that were supplied with water from the same source as the original outdoor nature pond where the fishes had been reared without problems. The skin of dead fish was pale and covered with a thin layer of mucus. The gills had lighter colour, and microscopically, gas bubbles were visible both on the surface of gills and inside the gill filaments. No changes were found in the body cavity and parasitological examination was negative. The water in the tank was of very good quality but its oxygen saturation reached 136%. Based on the results of fish examinations and water analysis, gas bubble disease was identified as the ultimate cause of fish deaths. After making technical adjustments (technical changes to the pumping of water from the spring and ventilation of the storage tank in the building) oxygen saturation in water remained below 100% and no further cases of gas bubble disease (or fish deaths) were recorded. Keywords: oxygen, nitrogen, air, oversaturation, asphyxiation, spring water, GBD Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 231-237 Volume: 62 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/153/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/153/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201704-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:4:id:153-2016-VETMED