Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.J. Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Species Restoration Technology Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D.H. Jeong Author-Workplace-Name: Species Restoration Technology Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.M. Um Author-Workplace-Name: Species Restoration Technology Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Republic of Korea Author-Name: A.N. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Species Restoration Technology Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D.J. Song Author-Workplace-Name: Species Restoration Technology Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.B. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Species Restoration Technology Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, Republic of Korea Author-Name: J. Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y. Yun Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea †These authors contributed equally to this work Author-Name: Y.K. Lim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea †These authors contributed equally to this work Title: Blood chemistry reference intervals of captive Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) Abstract: Data on blood chemistry values can make fundamental contributions to our understanding of physiological changes. However, there is a lack of information regarding blood chemistry in Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus). Thus, the objects of this study were to determine reference ranges for 29 blood chemistry variables, and to evaluate differences between age groups and between seasons. Blood samples (n = 138) were collected from 44 (20 males, 24 females; age range, 1-15 years) clinically healthy, captive Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in the Republic of Korea. Young and adult bears showed significantly higher levels of creatinine and total cholesterol, and lower levels of blood urea nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase MB during hibernation compared to during non-hibernation. Adults also showed significantly higher levels of triglyceride, but lower levels of inorganic phosphorus, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatine phosphokinase during hibernation than during non-hibernation. During hibernation, the urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio and levels of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase in young bears were significantly higher than in adults, whereas creatinine levels were lower than in adults. During non-hibernation, the urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio and levels of calcium, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase and creatine kinase MB in young bears were significantly higher, whereas creatinine, total protein, albumin, gamma-glutamyl transferase and haemoglobin levels were lower than in adults. The results of this study provide reference values that will aid in understanding the physiology of Asiatic black bears and in assessing the health of these animals in captive environments. Keywords: Asiatic black bear, reference ranges, hibernation, blood chemistry, captivity, health assessment Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 533-540 Volume: 62 Issue: 10 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/166/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/166/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201710-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:10:id:166-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Yildiz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur, Turkey Author-Name: M. Ok Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey Title: Clinical efficacy of combinations of nebulised fluticasone, salbutamol and furosemide on lung function in premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome Abstract: Surfactant deficiency, poor development of the lung structure and fibrosis as a result of inflammation are thought to play an important role in the development of respiratory distress syndrome in premature calves. Nebulised steroid (fluticasone), bronchodilator (salbutamol) and diuretics (furosemide) can be used in combination alongside standard treatment procedures for premature calves, and might improve viability as observed in infants, foals and horses with pulmonary disorders. Twenty-five premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome were used in this study. Oxygen and supportive treatment were administered to all groups. The first group was used as a control group (Group 1). The nebulised drug combinations were as follows: Group 2: fluticasone + salbutamol, Group 3: salbutamol + furosemide, Group 4: fluticasone + furosemide and Group 5: fluticasone + salbutamol + furosemide. During the 72-h time period of the study, fluticasone (15 µg/kg/12 h), salbutamol (0.025 mg/kg/6 h) and furosemide (1 mg/kg/12h) were applied for 5 min. Arterial blood samples were collected from the auricular artery at 0 h and at 1, 24, 48 and 72 h for blood gas analysis. Significant (P < 0.05) increases in arterial partial oxygen, oxygen saturation and peripheral oxygen saturation and decreases in arterial partial carbon dioxide, lactate and respiration rate were observed in all the nebulised treatment groups, while a statistical difference was observed only for arterial partial carbon dioxide in control group. When comparing the treated groups with the control, it may be concluded that nebulised drugs are highly effective in the therapy of premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome, while the different nebulised groups exhibited similar efficacies. Keywords: calf, arterial blood gas, nebulised drugs, treatment Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 541-552 Volume: 62 Issue: 10 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/34/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/34/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201710-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:10:id:34-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Toman Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Celer Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Smola Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Successful elimination of PRRS virus from an infected farrow-to-finish herd by vaccination Abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus represents a major threat to the swine industry worldwide. This study describes the transmission of a European strain of PRRS-1 to a pig farm leading to the spread of the virus to different age categories of pigs and the development of clinical signs in pregnant sows and piglets. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome aetiology was confirmed by serological tests and by virus isolation and subsequent sequencing. Repeated mass vaccination using modified live virus was used to synchronise the level of PRRS-specific immunity in all age categories of animals and to hinder virus circulation in the herd. Four months after the second mass vaccination, regular modified live virus vaccination of sows and gilts was implemented. Introduction of sentinel animals demonstrated cessation of virus circulation and the success of the control programme. Keywords: control programme, pig, mass vaccination, serology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 553-558 Volume: 62 Issue: 10 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/68/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/68/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201710-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:10:id:68-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Rehman Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: R. Akhtar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: H. Akbar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: F. Riaz Author-Workplace-Name: Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China Author-Name: I. Rashid Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: W. Shehzad Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: S. Islam Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: A.A. Bajwa Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: M. Waqas Author-Workplace-Name: Pet Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Title: First report of the molecular detection of Ancylostoma caninum in Lahore, Pakistan: the threat from pets Abstract: The molecular prevalence of Ancylostoma caninum was determined in stray and pet dogs in Lahore, Pakistan from July 2014 to August 2015. A total of 500 dog faecal samples were first evaluated using a sedimentation technique and further through a PCR assay targeting the ITS-2 region of the A. caninum genome. Overall, 130 (26%) samples were positive for hookworm infestation by microscopic examination. Only microscopically positive samples were processed for PCR and 89 (17.6%) were positive for A. caninum. Sequence analysis of amplicons showed 100% homology with A. caninum and the genotypes clustered in one clade with Brazilian A. caninum hookworms. There was a significantly (P < 0.05) increased prevalence in male dogs younger than six months old. Labrador retrievers had higher A. caninum incidence compared to German shepherds and other breeds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the molecular prevalence of A. caninum in dogs in Pakistan. The novel results of the present study allow us to conclude that A. caninum is more prevalent in pet dogs, especially puppies, and this can be a potential threat for humans that come into contact with such animals. Therefore, the routine monitoring of pets, especially the more susceptible breeds, is essential for disease control. Keywords: faecal, hookworms, PCR, sequencing, Labrador retriever, age, stray, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 559-564 Volume: 62 Issue: 10 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/14/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201710-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:10:id:14-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Vijayaraghavan Author-Workplace-Name: Agni College of Technology, Chennai, India Author-Name: J. Rajkumar Author-Workplace-Name: Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India Author-Name: M.A. Seyed Author-Workplace-Name: University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Title: Efficacy of Chromolaena odorata leaf extracts for the healing of rat excision wounds Abstract: Injury to the soft tissues is followed by wound healing, which consists of four stages: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling. Chromolaena odorata is a weed that is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments in humans and animals. The present study was aimed at exploring the wound healing potential of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. odorata in a rat excision wound model. This investigation involved phytochemical screening and in vitro analyses of various parameters such as antioxidant activity, lipid peroxide inhibitory activity and the effects of extracts on contraction and epithelialisation of the rat excision wounds. The phytochemical screening of both ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed that they were rich in secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides and carbohydrates. The aqueous extract showed high antioxidant and lipid peroxide inhibitory activity, while the ethanolic extract showed high total phenol content and hydrogen peroxide inhibitory activity at concentrations of 50, 100 and 250 μg/ml. Our results also indicate that the most effective concentration of the C. odorata extract for excision wound healing was 5.0% (w/w). C. odorata-treated groups exhibited a faster reduction in wound area compared to control and Betadine-treated groups. In addition, the topical application of C. odorata extract increased collagen synthesis and its stabilisation at the wound site, as evidenced by the increase in hydroxyproline and hexosamine levels and expression of collagen. The present investigation demonstrates that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. odorata of varying concentrations promote an accelerated wound healing process and might represent a novel healing agent. Our findings are of potential clinical relevance and might be highly beneficial for drug discovery and development in the area of both human and veterinary medicine. Keywords: Betadine, hydroxyproline, hexosamine, collagen, siam weed, traditional medicine, phytochemicals, antioxidant, invasive species, ornamental plant Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 565-578 Volume: 62 Issue: 10 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/161/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/161/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201710-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:10:id:161-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Del Signore Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: R. Terragni Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Pet Care, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: A. Carloni Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Pet Care, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: L. Stehlik Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Proks Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Cavallo Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Pet Care, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: E. Febo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: A. Luciani Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: P.E. Crisi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: M. Vignoli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Title: An uncommon localisation of a vegetal foreign body in a dog: a case report Abstract: The goal of this study was to describe the ultrasonographic and computed tomographic appearance of a penile foreign body in a dog for the first time. We describe an unusual penile localisation of a grass seed awn in an 11-year-old mixed-breed dog referred for a computed tomography study after a severe haemorrhage from the penis. A fistulous tract was observed after plain and post-contrast whole-body computed tomography acquisition; the foreign body was localised with ultrasound and removed under ultrasonographic guidance, with the complete healing of the penile lesion. Grass awns are common foreign bodies in dogs and cats and are commonly localised in the ear canal, subcutaneous tissue, interdigital space, eyelid, conjunctiva and nasal or oral cavity. These foreign bodies pose a threat due to their peculiar structure, which facilitates their easy access to the affected area and their transit through the body. Clinical signs are often non-specific, and imaging modalities such as ultrasonography and computed tomography are useful techniques for localisation. Our report demonstrates that the combination of computed tomography and ultrasound techniques was crucial for the exact localisation and mini-invasive retrieval of the grass seed. Keywords: grass awn, diagnostic imaging, penis, computed tomography, ultrasound Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 579-582 Volume: 62 Issue: 10 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/108/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/108/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201710-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:10:id:108-2017-VETMED