Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: VOLUME 62, CONTENTS; AUTHOR INDEX; AUTHOR INSTITUTION INDEX Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: I-XV Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/10387-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/10387-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:10387-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Sustrova Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Ondrackova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Leva Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Kolarova Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kulich Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Sladek Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of probiotics on the viability of porcine and human neutrophils in vitro Abstract: Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus cultures are increasingly used as probiotics for humans and pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate if co-cultivation of porcine and human neutrophils with probiotics can lead to increased apoptosis in vitro. Ten adult Large white pigs and 10 healthy human donors were used in this study. Neutrophils were isolated by dextran sedimentation and cultivated with and without the lactic acid bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Enterococcus faecium for 2, 4, 24 and 48 h. Early and late apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry, and cell lysis was detected based on lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH). A significant (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) increase in apoptotic neutrophils and LDH was observed at 24 h and 48 h in vitro. All probiotics exerted their greatest effects on the early apoptosis of porcine neutrophils, while the effects of L. rhamnosus were most pronounced on late apoptosis and those of B. bifidum on LDH release of human neutrophils. The increased neutrophil apoptosis caused by probiotic bacteria can be beneficial for more efficient efferocytosis and faster resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the interaction of B. bifidum, L. rhamnosus, and E. faecium with human and porcine neutrophils leads to their apoptosis. Keywords: pig, early, late, apoptosis, cell lysis, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 637-646 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/72/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/72/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:72-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D.S. Baek Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Author-Name: T.H. Chung Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Joongbu University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y.H. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.K. Oh Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K.M. So Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development and Administration, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Title: Changes in regulatory T cells in dogs with B-cell lymphoma and association with clinical tumour stage Abstract: Among several mechanisms that allow tumours to disarm the host immune system and thus to evade or suppress protective anti-tumour immunity, an important role for CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) has emerged. Numerous studies in humans have demonstrated increased Tregs in patients with carcinomas of the breast, lung, and pancreas, and this increased Treg has been correlated with poor prognosis. This study was performed (1) to investigate the percentage of Tregs in total lymphocytes of the peripheral blood in 12 canine patients with B cell lymphoma and (2) to investigate the change in the percentage of Tregs in canine lymphoma of different clinical tumour stages. On the flow cytometric analysis, the relative and absolute numbers of Tregs were significantly increased in 12 canine patients with B-cell lymphoma compared to five healthy beagles included in this study, and the greatest increases in the relative and absolute number of Tregs occurred in two dogs with more advanced World Health Organization clinical stages with bone marrow involvement compared to those in less advanced tumour stages without bone marrow involvement. This study provides basic information regarding the negative role of Treg recruitment in canine lymphoma patients and highlights the potential value of Treg levels as prognostic indicators in canine cancer patients. Keywords: cancer, regulatory T cell, Treg, canine lymphoma, immune escape, WHO clinical tumour stages Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 647-653 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/7/2015-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7/2015-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:7-2015-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.N. Gharajalar Author-Name: M. Hassanzade Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Title: Antibacterial properties of Carum copticum essential oil against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus isolated from canine dental plaque Abstract: Dental caries is amongst the most prevalent oral diseases in both humans and dogs. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus (mutans streptococci) are the major cariogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries. Since these bacteria generally show resistance to common antibiotics, natural products such as plant essential oils could be a good substitute. For this study, we aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Carum copticum essential oil against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Twenty canine dental plaque samples were collected and the presence of S. mutans and S. sobrinus in the samples was confirmed using biochemical, culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The resistance patterns of isolates were determined using a disc diffusion method according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute protocol against the following antimicrobials: chloramphenicol, tetracycline, penicillin, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, vancomycin and azithromycin. The antibacterial activities of Carum copticum essential oil were based on the disc diffusion method as well on a determination of the minimum inhibitory (MIC50) and minimum bactericidal concentration values. S. mutans and S. sobrinus were isolated in 8 (40%) and 2 (10%), respectively, of plaque samples. Most of these isolates were determined to display multidrug resistance patterns to the eight antibiotics evaluated. Screening of the antibacterial activity of the essential oil indicated that MIC50 and minimum bactericidal concentration values were 20 µg/ml and 80 µg/ml, respectively, and that the zone of inhibition in the disc diffusion method ranged from 2 to 5 mm for serial concentrations of the essential oil. Based on our results, we suggest that Carum copticum essential oil exerts antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus and may be a useful treatment for carious lesions with bacterial aetiologies. Keywords: dog, dental caries, biofilm, cariogenic bacteria, PCR, Trachyspermum ammi Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 654-660 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/180/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/180/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:180-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Rauser Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Mrazova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Crha Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Urbanova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vychodilova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Influence of capnoperitoneum on intraocular pressure in spontaneously breathing dogs undergoing ovariectomy Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate potential changes in intraocular pressure in spontaneously breathing dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy with capnoperitoneum. Twenty bitches undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy were enrolled in a prospective clinical trial. The dogs were under general anaesthesia and were breathing spontaneously throughout the entire period of the procedure. Capnoperitoneum was then established with an intra-abdominal pressure setting of 10 mmHg. Collected data included intraocular pressure, pupil size, heart rate, respiratory frequency, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, end-tidal CO2, oxygen saturation of haemoglobin and tidal volume. Data were recorded 5 min before starting CO2-insufflation (baseline), after capnoperitoneum establishment (T0), and at further 5-min intervals (T5, T10, T15, T20, T25, T30). Compared to baseline, pupil size was increased at T30 (P = 0.03) and respiratory frequency at T25 (P < 0.01) and T30 (P = 0.02). No other significant changes were found regarding intraocular pressure. Our data show that the induction of an intra-abdominal pressure of 10 mmHg for a 30-min laparoscopy with the use of medetomidine-butorfanol-propofol-isoflurane in spontaneously breathing dogs in the horizontal position does not result in any important changes in intraocular pressure or end-tidal CO2. Keywords: laparoscopy, veterinary ophthalmology, pupil size, heart rate, respiratory frequency, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, oxygen saturation of haemoglobin, tidal volume, end-tidal CO2 Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 661-667 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/89/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/89/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:89-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Nofouzi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: M. Aghapour Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: B. Baradaran Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: G.H. Hamidian Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: P. Zare Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: J. Stanford Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Infectious Diseases and International Health, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom Author-Name: P. Ripley Author-Workplace-Name: BioEos Ltd., Mill House, Marden, United Kingdom Author-Name: K. Tahapour Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: Y. Jafari Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: A. Shahbazfar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: A. Tukmechi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran Title: Heat-killed Tsukamurella inchonensis reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in activated murine peritoneal macrophages Abstract: Tsukamurella inchonensis (T. inchonensis) is an aerobic species of Actinomycetales which has immunomodulatory activities when used as a suspension of killed bacilli. Here, the effects of T. inchonensis on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in mouse peritoneal macrophages have been examined. Peritoneal macrophages were harvested by lavaging with ice cold phosphate-buffered saline. Macrophages acquired from mice treated with different doses of T. inchonensis for seven days were cultured with 20 U/ml interferon-γ and 10 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide for in vivo assays. Nitrite levels were measured by using the diazotization method based on the Griess reaction, an indirect technique to determine nitric oxide (NO) production. T. inchonensis inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NO production in mouse peritoneal macrophages from mice previously exposed to concentrations of 108 and 5 × 107 CFU per flask. Also, T. inchonensis decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Thus, it can be concluded that T. inchonensis is a powerful inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in activated murine macrophages, and T. inchonensis may be useful as a novel agent for chemoprevention in inflammatory diseases. Keywords: Suriyan mouse, actinomycetales, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α , TNF-α interleukin-6, IL-6, chemoprevention Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 668-673 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/144/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/144/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:144-2016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Sochorcova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Proks Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Cermakova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the liver, gall bladder and urogenital tract in female red-eared terrapins (Trachemys scripta elegans) Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced computed tomography for organ morphology and perfusion in five captive terrapins. Native scans were performed and afterwards an iodinated non-ionic contrast media was manually administered through the jugular vein catheter. Post-contrast CT scans were taken 20 (T20), 60 (T60) and 180 (T180) seconds after the contrast medium administration. Maximum contrast enhancement of the kidneys and the liver was detected at T20 and T60, respectively. The gall bladder content, the urinary bladder content and ovarian follicles were all without contrast enhancement in all five terrapins. Gall bladder wall thickness was 0.9 mm in all terrapins. Enhancement of the gall bladder wall in post-contrast studies was considered excellent, good or poor in two terrapins, two terrapins and one terrapin, respectively, with a mean score of 1.8 ± 0.84 over all contrast studies. Enhancement of the ureters in post-contrast studies was considered excellent in all terrapins in all contrast studies. Peak aortic enhancement was reached 20 seconds after contrast medium administration with the peak enhancement of 213.5 ± 41 HU in four terrapins and 560 HU in one terrapin. Peak hepatic vein enhancement after contrast medium administration was recorded 20 and 60 seconds in two and three terrapins, respectively. In conclusion, contrast-enhanced computed tomography proved to be a valuable method for clinical examination of the liver, gall bladder, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and ovarian follicles in red-eared terrapins. Keywords: chelonians, computed tomography, contrast medium, organ perfusion, liver, kidneys Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 674-680 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/73/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/73/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:73-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Macri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: S. Di Pietro Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: A. Palumbo Piccionello Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy Author-Name: G. Rapisarda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Prevention, Provincial Health Authority of Catania, Gravina di Catania, Italy Author-Name: G. Lanteri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: V. Angileri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: F. Marino Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Title: A rare case of partial paraxial radial hemimelia in a puppy Abstract: This article reports a case of a congenital unilateral forelimb defect in a two-month-old male puppy with clinical and radiographic findings. Congenital deformities are structural or functional congenital defects arising from errors during development, and they can affect an isolated portion of the body, the complete body or parts of several systems of the body. The congenital absence of a portion of the proximal epiphysis of the radius is an extremely rare condition in human and animal species. Although similar congenital limb deformities have been infrequently reported in dogs, the present case is, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first report of this type of partial forelimb paraxial radial hemimelia in a puppy, and it represents an addition to the scant literature on this topic. Keywords: radial hemimelia, radiography, congenital defect, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 681-684 Volume: 62 Issue: 12 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/104/2016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/104/2016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201712-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:62:y:2017:i:12:id:104-2016-VETMED