Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: VOLUME 63, CONTENTS; AUTHOR INDEX; AUTHOR INSTITUTION INDEX Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: I-XII Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/11457-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11457-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:11457-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Kara Title: Estimated ruminal digestion values and digestion end-products of concentrated mix feed after in vitro treatment with propionic acid Abstract: This study was aimed at determining the effects of propionic acid supplementation at doses of 0 (control group, PA0), 12, 24, 48 and 96 mM (PA12, PA24, PA48, and PA96) to concentrated mix feed on in vitro cumulative total gas production, methane emission, gas kinetics (potential gas production, (a + b)gas and gas production rate, cgas), estimated digestibility, estimated energy value and the end-products and variables of in vitro digestion (total bacteria count, the number of ciliate protozoa, volatile fatty acids, pH value and ammonia-N). Digestion treatments were carried out in an anaerobic in vitro fermenter for up to 96 h. The in vitro cumulative total gas production, (a + b)gas, estimated metabolic energy, estimated net energy lactation and estimated organic matter digestibility and ammonia-N concentration were decreased by propionic acid up to 96 mM (P < 0.05). In the in vitro fermenter fluid, total bacteria count, the total numbers of ciliate protozoa and the individual numbers of some ciliate protozoa (Entodiniinae, Isotricha spp. and Diplodiniinae) (P < 0.01) decreased linearly with increasing concentrations of dietary propionic acid. The total molar concentrations of volatile fatty acids decreased in response to propionic acid supplementation (P < 0.001). Dietary propionic acid elicited linear increases in the molar concentrations of propionic acid (P < 0.001) and butyric acid (P < 0.01) as proportions of total volatile fatty acids of the in vitro fermenter fluid. In contrast, molar proportions of acetic acid, the cgas, pH values and the numbers of Dasytricha sp. were not affected by dietary propionic acid supplementation (P > 0.05). The addition of 12-96 mM propionic acid to concentrated mix feed decreased methane emission from the rumen and negatively affected microbiota count, feed digestibility, proteolysis, and molar volatile fatty acid values in the rumen environment. Keywords: alternative dietary supplement, digestibility, fermentation, in vitro gas production Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 537-545 Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/100/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201812-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:100-2017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Guzel Author-Name: D.A. Kaya Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: K. Altunatmaz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: G. Sevim Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: D. Sezer Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: D.O. Erdikmen Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Title: Evaluation of the cardiorespiratory effects of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in combination with ketamine in dogs Abstract: In this study, we compared the effects of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in combination with ketamine on heart rate, respiratory rate, blood gas values, temperature and sedation scores. A total of 30 dogs were evaluated. The dogs were randomly allocated into three anaesthesia groups, each of which included ten dogs. The first group, denoted the xylazine/ketamine group, intravenously received xylazine (0.5 mg/kg) for premedication and ketamine (5 mg/kg) for induction. The second group, the medetomidine/ketamine group, intravenously received medetomidine (10 µg/kg) followed by ketamine (5 mg/kg). The third group received the dexmedetomidine/ketamine combination. This group intravenously received dexmedetomidine (3 µg/kg) for premedication and ketamine (5 mg/kg). Heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, blood gas parameters and temperature were recorded for all patients immediately before sedation onset (T0), five minutes after sedation onset (T1) and five minutes after endotracheal intubation following ketamine injection (T2). The end tidal carbon dioxide level was recorded at T2. A significant decrease in heart rate occurred following premedication in all groups. However, the decrease was most marked in the medetomidine/ketamine group. An increase was observed in venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide values at T2 in the xylazine/ketamine group compared to the medetomidine/ketamine and dexmedetomidine/ketamine groups. The end tidal carbon dioxide levels were higher in the medetomidine/ketamine group than in the other two groups, and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin levels in the same group were found to be lower than in the others. It was determined that none of α2-agonists, namely xylazine, medetomidine or dexmedetomidine, had superior properties over the others. If medetomidine is used, special care should be taken because of the rapid decrease in heart rate. Keywords: α 2-agonist, cardiorespiratory effect, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 546-554 Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/92/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/92/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201812-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:92-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.Y. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.J. Son Author-Workplace-Name: Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S. Jang Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medical Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S. Choi Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medical Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D.W. Cho Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea Title: Antagonistic effect of flumazenil on tiletamine-zolazepam-induced anaesthesia in Beagle dogs Abstract: Benzodiazepines exert hypnotic/sedative effects through their inhibitory actions on the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type A. Since flumazenil antagonises these effects through competitive inhibition of the receptor, it has been used to reverse the effect of benzodiazepines. The goal of this study was to characterise the antagonistic effect of flumazenil on anaesthesia induced by tiletamine-zolazepam in dogs. Nine healthy Beagle dogs (four males, five females) were used in this study. The dogs were administered 20 mg/kg of tiletamine-zolazepam intravenously and were then intravenously treated with saline solution (2 ml; control) or flumazenil twenty minutes after tiletamine-zolazepam administration at doses of 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 or 0.16 mg/kg. Recovery times after the anaesthesia and cardiorespiratory variation were recorded for each dog. The results of this study indicate that the duration of reversal produced by doses of 0.04 and 0.06 mg/kg flumazenil was more effective than that produced by any of the other doses. In addition, sedation was rapidly reversible at 0.04 and 0.06 mg/kg without resedation. However, at doses of 0.08 and 0.16 mg/kg adverse effects such as shivering, rigidity and opisthotonos were observed. Thus, treatment with flumazenil at doses of 0.04 and 0.06 mg/kg could successfully reverse the anaesthetic effects induced by tiletamine-zolazepam. Keywords: antagonization, flumazenil, tiletamine-zolazepam, cardiorespiratory effect, GABAA Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 555-560 Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/65/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/65/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201812-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:65-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: X.K. Wei Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Animal Infectious Diseases, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Name: Y.Z. Zhong Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Animal Infectious Diseases, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Name: Y. Pan Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Animal Infectious Diseases, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Name: X.N. Li Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Animal Infectious Diseases, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Name: J.J. Liang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Animal Infectious Diseases, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Name: T.R. Luo Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Animal Infectious Diseases, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China Title: The N and P genes facilitate pathogenicity of the rabies virus G gene Abstract: To explore the effects of different gene combinations on the pathogenicity of the rabies virus (RABV), six chimeric RABV mutants, rRC-HL(G), rRC-HL(NG), rRC-HL(PG), rRC-HL(NP), rRC-HL(NM) and rRC-HL(NPG), were constructed using a reverse genetic technique based on an avirulent parental rRC-HL strain and a virulent parental GX074 isolate. These mutants were intracerebrally inoculated into adult mice. The results indicated that 102 ffu and 106 ffu of rRC-HL(G), rRC-HL(NG), rRC-HL(PG) and rRC-HL(NPG) were 100% lethal. In the case of intramuscular viral infection, none of the mice inoculated with 102 ffu of any of the RABV mutants, including GX074, died; at 106 ffu, rRC-HL(G) was lethal in 2/5 cases, rRC-HL(NG) was lethal in 1/5 cases and rRC-HL(PG) was lethal for 2/5 mice. The rRC-HL(NPG) mutant was fatal for 3/5 mice, as was the parental GX074. Furthermore, the LD50 values of the chimeric RABV mutants were measured, with the results showing that the LD50 values of both rRC-HL(NG) and rRC-HL(PG) were lower than that of rRC-HL(G), but higher than that of rRC-HL(NPG). Thus, the action of N + G, or P + G, or N + P + G gene combinations may be more pronounced than that of the G gene alone. Body weight changes and the clinical symptoms of the tested mice were consistent with pathogenicity. These data indicate that the N and P genes are involved in and facilitate the pathogenicity of the RABV G gene. These experiments provide further evidence that multi-gene cooperation is responsible for the virulence of RABV. Keywords: reverse genetics, gene combination, chimeric virus, lethality Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 561-570 Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/63/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/63/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201812-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:63-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Matysiak Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Epizootiology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Slovakia Author-Name: O. Wasielewski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Author-Name: J. Wlodarek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Author-Name: A. Ondrejkova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Epizootiology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Slovakia Author-Name: P. Tryjanowski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Title: First report of ticks in the subcutaneous tissue of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides Abstract: Ticks are common ectoparasites of animals; they also carry many tick-borne pathogens that are often detrimental for the health of both animals and humans. These parasites have been found in subcutaneous tissue, mainly in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), but the reason for this is unknown. In this study we report the first occurrence of the tick in an unusual location in the subcutaneous tissue of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides. The study was carried out on two adult male raccoon dogs, hunted in Western Poland. After the necropsy, one was found to have a partially decomposed tick, a female Ixodes ricinus, in the groin region. Keywords: ectoparasites, Ixodes ricinus, Poland, wild carnivores Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 571-574 Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/38/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/38/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201812-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:38-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Ipek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey Author-Name: G. Cecen Ayalp Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Author-Name: M.B. Akgul Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey Author-Name: M. Akbala Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Author-Name: G. Sonmez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Title: Sclerosing sialadenitis of the sublingual salivary glands in a cat Abstract: In this report, sclerosing sialadenitis of the sublingual salivary glands is described in a three-year-old, male, mixed breed cat. Sublingual masses were dissected and removed under dissociative anaesthesia. The patient had recovered completely at two months post-surgery. The two soft and pale red masses were 1.5 × 1 × 0.5 cm in size. Histologically, it was observed that the masses were covered with stratified squamous epithelium containing large numbers of salivary glands and ducts in the collagen-rich loose connective tissue. Scattered lymphocyte infiltrations were observed in the connective tissue. Mild to severe lymphocyte infiltration was seen between salivary glands. Some glands exhibited severe fibrosis, epithelial destruction and atrophy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of sclerosing sialadenitis in a cat. Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (Kuttner's tumour) is a condition that has been defined in humans. Histological findings similar to those of Kuttner's tumour were observed in this case, and dense plasma cell infiltrations suggested immune-mediated plasmacytic disease, which has been reported as a potential aetiology of Kuttner's tumour. Corticosteroid therapy was not attempted, and the patient was treated successfully using surgical excision. Keywords: feline, Kuttner's tumour, salivary gland Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 575-578 Volume: 63 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/109/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201812-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:63:y:2018:i:12:id:109-2018-VETMED