Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jose Sanchez-Salcedo Author-Workplace-Name: Doctoral Program in Biological Sciences and Health, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Miguel Gonzalez- Lozano Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production: Swine and CEIEPP, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico Author-Name: Socorro Hernandez-Arteaga Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico Author-Name: Victoria Greenwell-Beare Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad del Valle de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Xochil Vega-Manriquez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico Author-Name: Milagros Gonzalez-Hernandez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico Author-Name: Hector Orozco-Gregorio Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico Title: Therapeutics of neonatal asphyxia in production animals: a review Abstract: The aim of this review is to assess the different treatments and therapeutic protocols used for neonatal asphyxia in animal production. Perinatal asphyxia is considered to be one of the main non-infectious causes of neonatal mortality in the majority of domestic mammals. However, its incidence in intensive animal production is increasing because of a series of implemented strategies aimed at improving and increasing production. For example, through the application of genetics, an increase in size and weight in newly born animals has been achieved. Nevertheless, this has resulted in a larger incidence of dystocia associated with oxygen restriction to thefoetus, which elicits metabolic and respiratory acidosis. Furthermore, aside from immediate financial implications when it comes to production, it also has an impact on the welfare of mother and offspring. Regarding the field of animal perinatology, several therapeutic strategies using respiratory and hormonal stimulants, as well as energetic supplements have been evaluated with the aim of preventing perinatal asphyxia and treating neonates with the condition, and also to diminish the incidence of stillbirths associated with it. However, during the last decades this condition has persisted mainly in porcine, equine, ovine and bovine production; for this reason, it continues to be studied extensively. Keywords: animal perinatology, neonatal mortality, piglets, foals, calves Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 191-203 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/86/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:86-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zuhair Bani Ismail Author-Name: Ahmad Mahmmoud Al-Majali Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan *Correspondence: zuhair72@just.edu.jo Author-Name: Odeh Al-Rawashdeh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan *Correspondence: zuhair72@just.edu.jo Author-Name: Mousa Daradka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan *Correspondence: zuhair72@just.edu.jo Author-Name: Musaab Mohaffel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan *Correspondence: zuhair72@just.edu.jo Title: Alterations of pancreatic functions and lipid profiles in dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum Abstract: The objectives of this study were to determine the serum activities of the pancreatic enzymes amylase, lipase, trypsinogen 1 and trypsinogen 2, serum concentrations of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides and serum inflammatory indicators, namely C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum (LDA). A total of 60 cows (30 LDA-affected and 30 healthy) were included in the study. Laboratory analyses were performed using commercially available ELISA kits and chemical reagents according to the manufacturers' recommendations. There was a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the activities of lipase, trypsinogen 1 and trypsinogen 2 in LDA-affected cows compared to healthy cows. Amylase concentrations, however, remained unchanged. The serum concentrations of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in LDA-affected cows while the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased compared to healthy cows. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein concentrations were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in LDA-affected cows compared to healthy cows. This study indicates that displacement of the abomasum may be associated with significant pathological effects in the pancreas that may affect cows in the post-operative period. Keywords: abomasal disease, lipid metabolism, pancreatitis, systemic inflammatory response Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 204-208 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/112/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/112/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:112-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ruthaiporn Ratchamak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Name: Thevin Vongpralub Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Workplace-Name: Thermo-tolerance Dairy Cattle Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Name: Wuttigrai Boonkum Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Workplace-Name: Thermo-tolerance Dairy Cattle Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Name: Vibuntita Chankitisakul Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Workplace-Name: Thermo-tolerance Dairy Cattle Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Title: Cryopreservation and quality assessment of boar semen collected from bulk samples Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine sperm quality after cryopreservation of ejaculates collected as a bulk sample, which is routinely part of semen collection, and to compare this quality with the sperm-rich fraction in boars. Ejaculates were collected as sperm-rich fractions (SRF) and bulk samples (BE) using a gloved-hand technique. Fresh semen quality in terms of semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm motility and pH were conventionally evaluated. Then, semen was cryopreserved using the liquid nitrogen vapour method. The post-thaw sperm quality was evaluated by assessing sperm motility, live sperm with normal apical ridge and high mitochondrial energy status, lipid peroxidation was evaluated using CASA and fluorescent multiple staining and MDA levels were determined using a spectrophotometer, respectively. In terms of fresh semen quality, sperm motility in fresh semen did not differ significantly between the two groups. The treatment with the greater mean volume (BE; P < 0.05) had a lower mean sperm concentration (P < 0.05); meanwhile, the mean ejaculate pH collected as BE was more basic compared with SRF (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant post-thaw quality changes between sperm-rich fractions and bulk samples of semen. In conclusion, ejaculates can be collected as bulk samples without the need to classify fractions for boar semen cryopreservation. Keywords: acrosome integrity, freezing boar semen, lipid peroxidation, mitochondria function, sperm viability, sperm-rich fraction Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 209-216 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/125/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/125/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:125-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ariadna Yanez-Pizana Author-Workplace-Name: PhD Program, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Daniel Mota-Rojas Author-Workplace-Name: Neurophysiology, behavior and assessment of welfare in domestic animals, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Campus Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Manuel Castillo-Rivera Author-Workplace-Name: Biology Department, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Campus Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Ramiro Ramirez-Necoechea Author-Workplace-Name: Neurophysiology, behavior and assessment of welfare in domestic animals, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Campus Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: Isabel Guerrero-Legarreta Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Campus Iztapalapa, Mexico city, Mexico Author-Name: Patricia Mora-Medina Author-Workplace-Name: Livestock Science Department, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico Author-Name: Miguel Gonzalez-Lozano Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión en Producción Porcina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico Title: Effect of environmental enrichment on weaned piglets: physiological responses Abstract: The aim of this research consisted in assessing the effect of various kinds of environmental enrichment (EE) on the physiological responses of weaned piglets. The mean age of the 96 piglets that participated was 27 days. The piglets were weaned and then housed under two conditions: with no disruption of the social order (SO), and with disruption of the social order (DSO). After establishing the two experimental conditions, we proceeded to evaluate four different treatments; namely, control (C), suspended ropes (SR), aromatized bottles (AB) and pet toys and balls (PTB). The protocol required drawing three blood samples: at 30 (T30), 60 (T60) and 90 min (T90) after weaning. The DSO piglets had higher pH and haematocrit levels than those weaned in the SO condition (P < 0.05). Also, pCO2, potassium (K+) and base excess (BE) concentrations were higher in the SO animals than in those in the DSO group (P < 0.05). The control piglets, which did not receive any type of EE, showed higher pCO2 levels, but lower glucose and pH (P < 0.05) values, while the ones enriched with SR had increased lactate levels, but lower values for pH and HCO3- compared to the piglets in the other EE treatment regimens (P < 0.05). The SR-enriched piglets had higher lactate and haematocrit levels, but lower values for pH and bicarbonate (HCO3-) than the animals in the other EE groups (P < 0.005). The piglets subjected to sensorial EE with AB had higher plasma glucose than the ones in the other groups (P < 0.005). Finally, the PTB-enriched subjects showed higher Na+ levels than controls (P < 0.005). The alterations that were found to be related to the factor sampling time were more pronounced at T30 (P < 0.05) than T60 and T90. These results indicate that the conditions (SO, DSO) and EE (C, SR, AB, PTB) under which the piglets were weaned influenced the blood variables measured in the study. Keywords: blood variables, weaning, environmental conditions Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 217-227 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/104/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/104/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:104-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eva Cermakova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Matteo Oliveri Author-Workplace-Name: POLIVET s.r.l., Policlinico Veterinario Roma nord, Roma, Italy Author-Name: Zora Knotkova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdenek Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of a GnRH agonist (deslorelin) on ovarian activity in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of deslorelin acetate in the regulation of reproductive activity in captive leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius). Fourteen healthy adult females were separated into two groups. Under general anaesthesia, deslorelin acetate implants (4.7 mg) or placebo implants were administered into the coelom of ten female geckos and four female geckos, respectively. One healthy adult male Leopard gecko was added to each group of females (five females with GnRH implants and two females with placebo implants). The geckos were regularly monitored over two breeding seasons (visual examination, weight control). Nesting sites were checked daily. There were no postoperative complications or any other health problems during the study. Implant administration did not result in long-term suppression of reproductive function. No significant differences were found in the number of clutches between the female groups (deslorelin implants versus placebo implants) or in the number of clutches between the two breeding seasons. Deslorelin acetate implants did not interfere with ovarian activity in captive female leopard geckos. The use of GnRH agonist implants is not an appropriate method for control of reproductive function in female leopard geckos. Keywords: reptile reproduction, chemical contraception, female lizards Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 228-230 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/167/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/167/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:167-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michal Madzunkov Author-Name: Stanislav Navratil Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The efficacy of fenbendazole against tapeworm infections in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in Veľké Blahovo ponds Abstract: A survey of the pond system in Veľké Blahovo, Dunajská Streda district, Slovak Republic, confirmed the occurrence of tapeworms in carp with a prevalence of 63.5% and mean intensity of 1.7 ± 2.72. The species Khawia sinensis and Atractolytocestus huronensis were identified. We attempted to reduce the occurrence of tapeworms using a medicated feed mixture (granules) with 1% fenbendazole as active substance under controlled conditions. Faeces collected from carp (K2) were examined and the presence of tapeworm eggs was confirmed by the flotation method. Positive carp were divided into three groups; each group, labelled F1 to F3, included 15 individuals. The carp were placed in concrete pools (storage ponds) nourished by fish pond water at the peak of the vegetation period from August 7-17, 2015. The medicated feed mixture was administered to the first two groups (F1 and F2), while the third group was fed with a non-medicated feed mixture and served as the control (F3). A single dose was administered to the F1 group; tapeworm prevalence 24 hours after administration in the F1 group was 26.66% with a mean intensity of 1.3 ± 0.57. The F2 group was fed three times in total with 24-hour intervals between feeding. Tapeworm prevalence 24 hours after the last administration in the F2 group was 13.33% with a mean intensity of 2.0 ± 0.77. The prevalence in the control group was 66.66% with a mean intensity of 2.2 ± 1.62. Khawia sinensis tapeworms responded well to fenbendazole, while A. huronensis tapeworms responded poorly and, despite repeated administration of the active substance, this species remained attached to the intestinal mucosa. When compared with the control group, the reduction in the number of tapeworms was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) in the F2 group; however, it was not statistically significant in the F1 group. Keywords: Atractolytocestus huronensis, caryophyllidea, Khawia sinensis, treatment, fish, Slovakia Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 231-236 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/28/2018-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/28/2018-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:28-2018-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Osman Atli Author-Name: Mehmet Kose Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey Title: Expression patterns of TLR4 mRNA and protein in the equine endometrium during early pregnancy Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an important part of the innate immune system and play a role in activating the acquired immune system. TLR4 is the best characterised of the many TLRs; its signalling mechanisms are known to be mediated by many inflammatory pathways and by endogenous substances. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the expression profiles for TLR4 mRNA and protein and determine the cell-specific localisation of TLR4 in the equine endometrium during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Endometrial biopsy samples were obtained from mares during early pregnancy (on day 14, P14, n = 4) and, for comparison, on day 14 of the oestrous cycle (late dioestrus, LD, n = 4) and when luteolysis was completed (after luteolysis, AL, n = 4). Total RNA was extracted and transcribed into cDNA, and the relative expression of TLR4 mRNA was quantified by qPCR. Immunohistochemistry was used to define the spatio-temporal localisation of TLR4 protein in the uterus. Expression of TLR4 mRNA was reduced (P < 0.05) on P14 compared to LD. The expression of TLR4 mRNA was similar for P14 and AL. TLR4 protein was localised mainly in the luminal and glandular epithelia, but was also present in endothelial cells of capillaries. Compared to P14, TLR4 protein was abundant in both luminal and glandular epithelia of uteri of mares in LD. These results suggest that downregulation of TLR4 in the endometrial epithelia in early pregnancy may play a role in the immune tolerance mechanisms that protect the conceptus (embryo/foetus and associated membranes). Keywords: Toll-like receptor 4, early pregnancy, equine endometrium Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 237-243 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/118/2017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/118/2017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201905-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:5:id:118-2017-VETMED