Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P Nevrkla Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E Vaclavkova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Kostelec nad Orlicí, Czech Republic Title: The effect of diet supplementation with linseed scrap on the meat quality and fatty acid profile of the meat and backfat in fattening gilts Abstract: The study was designed to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with linseed on the carcass characteristics, meat quality and oxidative stability as well as the composition of the fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum et thoracis (MLLT) and the backfat of fattening gilts. A total of 40 animals were used, 20 in the experimental and 20 in the control group. The results indicate that gilts fed with the control feed mixture (C) showed a higher (P < 0.05) content of intramuscular fat and backfat as compared to the experimentaL group (L) of gilts. A higher drip loss (P < 0.001) was recorded in the L group as same as higher pH45 and pH24 values (P < 0.01). The fatty acid profile analysis in the MLLT showed that the content of the MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids) was lower (P < 0.01) in the L group than in the C group of the animals and also showed a higher (P < 0.01) content of the PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) in the L group. The content of the n-6 and n-3 PUFA was higher (P < 0.001) in the L group. The ratio of the n-6/n-3 PUFA was significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the L group. The PUFA/SFA (saturated fatty acids) ratio was more favourable in the L group of gilts (P < 0.01). The results of the fatty acid profile analysis in the backfat proved the higher (P < 0.05) content of the UFA (unsaturated fatty acids) in the L group, while the content of the MUFA was lower (P < 0.001) in the L group. The total content of the SFA was lower (P < 0.05) in the L group. A higher content of the PUFA (P < 0.001) in the backfat was recorded in the L group than in the C group and the content of the n-3 PUFA was higher (P < 0.001) in the L group. The ratio of the n-6/n-3 PUFA was more favourable (P < 0.001) in the L group than in the C group. Also, the PUFA/SFA ratio was higher (P < 0.001) in the L group. Keywords: pigs, linseed scrap, nutrition, carcass value, fatty acid composition Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 467-475 Volume: 64 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/42/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/42/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201911-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:11:id:42-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I De Amicis Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano D'Accio, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: L Stehlik Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: F Del Signore Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano D'Accio, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: S Parrillo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano D'Accio, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: D Robbe Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano D'Accio, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: R Tamburro Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano D'Accio, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: M Vignoli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piano D'Accio, Teramo, Italy Title: Pelvimetry in the Teramana goat breed: a comparison between radiography and ultrasound Abstract: Radiography is routinely used for pelvimetry, but it is not easily accessible for farm animals, while ultrasonographic pelvimetry could be used due to the better accessibility and lack of radiation hazard. Radiographic and ultrasonographic pelvimetry in goats were compared, and three diameters of the pelvis were measured; the narrowest transverse pelvic diameter at the level of the acetabula, from the pecten pubis to the sacral promontorium and from the dorsal edge of the pubis to the coccygeal vertebra. The measurement was performed three times by one observer on both modalities. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analyses were performed. The intraobserver agreement was excellent for all the measurements and modalities in the study. Excellent agreement (ICC 0.96) was achieved for the transverse pelvic diameter. The agreement for the other two diameters was poor. We can conclude that the ultrasonographic pelvimetry of a goat is reliable only in the transverse pelvic diameter just cranial to the pecten pubis. Keywords: farm animals, radiographic measurement, ultrasonographic measurement Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 476-481 Volume: 64 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/96/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201911-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:11:id:96-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C Bakici Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: R Orkun Akgun Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: D Ozen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: O Algin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Radiology, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, University of Yildirim Beyazit, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: C Oto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey Author-Workplace-Name: Medical Design, Research and Application Center (MEDITAM), Ankara, Turkey Title: The volume fraction values of the brain compartments using the Cavalieri principle and a 3T MRI in brachycephalic and mesocephalic dogs Abstract: This study was aimed at: 1) estimating the volume and the volume fraction values of brain ventricles, grey matter and white matter with the Cavalieri principle and 2) creating three-dimensional reconstruction models of the brain ventricles by using magnetic resonance imaging. The brain structures of dogs were scanned with a 3T magnetic resonance system. The volumes of the total brain, the grey matter, the white matter, the lateral ventricle, the third ventricle, the cerebral aqueduct and the fourth ventricle of both sides were estimated separately by using a combination of the Cavalieri principle and the point-counting method. In addition to that, magnetic resonance images of dog brains were uploaded to the 3D slicer software to design the three-dimensional reconstruction models. The mean volume fraction values of the left and right lateral ventricle, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, and fourth ventricle were 1.83 ± 0.14%, 1.75 ± 0.1%, 0.7 ± 0.07%, 0.2 ± 0.04%, and 1 ± 0.32% for the brachycephalic dogs and 1.69 ± 0.04%, 1.66 ± 0.03%, 0.91 ± 0.03%, 0.27 ± 0.05%, and 0.71 ± 0.15% for the mesocephalic dogs, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the brachycephalic and mesocephalic dogs in all the volume fraction values (P > 0.05). This study showed the volume and the volume fraction values of the brain ventricles and the structures in the different types of the dogs' head shapes. These volume fraction values can be essential data for determining some diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging can be used for precise volume estimations in combination with the Cavalieri principle and the point-counting method. Keywords: brain, magnetic resonance imaging, three-dimensional reconstruction, volume Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 482-489 Volume: 64 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/33/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201911-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:11:id:33-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Vinas Author-Workplace-Name: CVRS - Policlinico Veterinario Roma Sud - Servizio di Oftalmologia, Roma, Italy Author-Name: U Zeyen Author-Workplace-Name: Centro Veterinario Specialistico, CVS, Servizio di Ecografia, Roma, Italy Author-Name: N D'Anna Author-Workplace-Name: CVRS - Policlinico Veterinario Roma Sud - Servizio di Oftalmologia, Roma, Italy Author-Name: M Vignoli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Title: Transscleral ultrasonographic measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter and a regression analysis with morphometric measures of the globe in dogs Abstract: To describe transscleral ultrasonography as a novel alternative approach for visualising the optic nerve sheath and measuring its diameter and to analyse the linear regressions of the optic nerve sheath diameter value with the weights and morphometric measurements of the globe in dogs. Forty healthy dogs admitted for routine sterilisation were examined. Under general anaesthesia, a B-mode ultrasonography with a linear probe (9-18 MHz) was applied transscleral in the dorso-temporal quadrant. The optic nerve sheath diameter was measured 3 mm behind the caudal aspect of the globe. The morphometric measurements, including the axial globe, lens thickness and vitreous chamber, were estimated by two observers using the direct corneal approach. Univariate and multivariate multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the associations of the independent predictors with dependent variables. The optic nerve sheath diameter intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses revealed interobserver 0.91 (ICC = 0.83-0.95) and intraobserver 0.93 (ICC = 0.87-0.96) reliability. The multiple regression analysis revealed that the optic nerve sheath diameter was associated with the weight (R2 = 0.60, P < 0.0001) but not with the axial globe (P = 0.48), the lens thickness (P = 0.73) or the vitreous chamber (P = 0.99). The findings of this study suggest that transscleral ultrasonography may be a valid alternative approach for the optic nerve visualisation and optic nerve sheath diameter measurements with excellent intra- and interobserver repeatability. The optic nerve sheath diameter was associated with the body weight, but not with the morphometric measurements of the globe. Keywords: morphometry, canine, intracranial pressure, ocular ultrasound, body weight Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 490-496 Volume: 64 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/39/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/39/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201911-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:11:id:39-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y Song Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China Author-Name: M Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China Author-Name: J Steven Baker Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China Author-Name: Y Gu Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China Title: The loading characteristics of landing in cats with different body weights Abstract: Nowadays, quadrupedal locomotion information is well established for dogs, horses, and pigs, and kinetic systems have been widely used for sensitive and reliable gait analysis. However, few studies have investigated cat locomotion and the data available are confusing and restricted, especially in relation to jumping. In addition, it has been suggested that several factors, including the influence of the body weight (BW), may be associated with the collection of the kinetic data measurements in dogs. This raises the question of whether the BW would influence the kinetic data measurements in cats. Therefore, this study was aimed at comparing the kinetic parameters of the landing during the jumping in cats with different BWs and to determine the associations between the BW and the kinetic parameters. Twelve client-owned cats were sub-divided into two groups based on the BW and were categorised as a thin group and a heavy group. Each cat was encouraged to jump from a table (1.0 m) onto a force plate several times. The trials were considered to be valid if the cat jumped normally onto the plate and then continued to walk forward. The kinetic parameters including the peak vertical force (PVF) and the vertical impulse (VI) were obtained for each limb. In addition, correlations between the PVF, VI, and BW and the symmetry index (SI) of the forelimbs and hindlimbs were also determined. Most of the kinetic parameters of the thin cats were significantly smaller than the heavy cats during the landing and these values increased as the BW increased, while the normalised PVF and VI of the forelimbs were significantly smaller in the heavy cats than in the thin cats. In addition, for both groups, the non-normalised or normalised PVF and VI were significantly larger in the forelimbs than the hindlimbs, and the SI of the PVF was significantly smaller at the forelimbs than in the hindlimbs. In conclusion, the results of this study showed substantial similarities and differences during the landing between thin and heavy cats. These findings should provide more reference data for the biomechanical motion analysis related to jumping in clinically intact cats. Keywords: biomechanics, motion analysis, kinetic data, forelimbs, hindlimbs, peak vertical force, vertical impulse, symmetry index Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 497-504 Volume: 64 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/13/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/13/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201911-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:11:id:13-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z Siroka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I Nagl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology and Parasitology, State Veterinary Institute Praha, Czech Republic Title: A case of diquat poisoning in pigs Abstract: Diquat is a bipyridyl compound which belongs to the group of herbicides. Its activity is based on the liberation of the superoxide anion radical and, subsequently, hydrogen peroxide, leading to tissue destruction by oxidative stress. Acute poisoning is associated with high mortality within several hours to a few days. The reported case of poisoning occurred on a commercial farm. The fattening pigs of the Landrace and Large White breeds were affected. The pigs were kept on a deep litter. Reglone (active ingredient diquat dibromide, 200 g/l) was used on the farm fields to desiccate the clover crop. The dry clover straw was harvested and stored for approximately a month and then used as a litter. In total, 50 pigs were affected. The onset of the poisoning was very fast. Within eight hours after the litter administration, 20 animals died. The only clinical sign seen was severe haemorrhagic dermatitis. The pathological examination revealed acute superficial haemorrhagic dermatitis on the belly, the snout and the ears of the affected pigs. Hyperaemia of the tonsils, pharynx and oesophagus was diagnosed, as well as a pronounced hyperaemia of the stomach fundus. In the distal part of the trachea, there was a dense, white foam. The lungs were congested, with focal emphysema. The liver was slightly hyperaemic. The histological examination revealed a massive haemostasis in liver and diffuse acute polymorphonuclear hepatitis. The other organs were without changes. The examination revealed acute poisoning caused by the large body surface areas contacting with a toxic substance. The pigs that survived were immediately removed to a non-contaminated area. The changes on their skin were not so extensive compared to the dead ones. Within 5-7 days after the exposure to diquat, the skin lesions healed. Keywords: herbicide, bipyridyl derivates, desiccant, haemorrhagic dermatitis, oxidative stress, Reglone Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 505-511 Volume: 64 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/87/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/87/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201911-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:64:y:2019:i:11:id:87-2019-VETMED