Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: SB Kim
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: SH Jung
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: YJ Do
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: YH Jung
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: C Choe
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: S Ha
Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Science Division, Department of Animal Resources Development, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: HY Jeong
Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Science Division, Department of Animal Resources Development, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: A Cho
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: SI Oh
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: E Kim
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: JG Yoo
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: S Kim
Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
Title: Haemato-chemical and immune variations in Holstein cows at different stages of lactation, parity, and age
Abstract: Physiological components are influenced by various factors. However, little is comprehensively understood about lactation, parity, and age-related blood profile changes in dairy cows. Thus, we investigated significant variables associated with haemato-chemical and immune changes in healthy dairy cows. Blood was collected from 246 Holstein cows to analyse the physiological changes at different stages of lactation, parity, and age. The white blood cells (WBCs) and monocytes were influenced by the parity or age. Cows over three years of age showed a decreased WBC and monocyte count when compared to cows under three years of age. The lactation stage affected the red blood cell (RBC) profiles and metabolism, liver function-related components, and immunoglobulin A (IgA). A decrease in the haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (HCT) were associated with peak lactation. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and total cholesterol (T-CHOL) concentrations, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities increased in peak or mid lactation and remained high up to late lactation. An increased serum IgA concentration was observed in early and mid-lactation compared to that in late gestation. Many components of the haemato-chemical and immunological profiles changed (Hb, HCT, BUN, T-CHOL, ALT, GGT, and IgA) at a specific lactation stage under the physiological conditions. These data revealed that the lactation stage was a major variable contributing to the physiological variations in the dairy cows. Therefore, the lactation stage should be considered when determining haemato-chemical and immunological abnormalities.
Keywords: blood profile, cholesterol, dairy cows, immunoglobulins, physiological components
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 95-103
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/110/2019-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2019-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202003-0001.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:3:id:110-2019-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PD Katsoulos
Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Author-Name: MA Karatzia
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Science, HAO - Demeter, Paralimni Giannitsa, Greece
Author-Name: A Dedousi
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, HAO - Demeter, Thessaloniki, Greece
Author-Name: D Camo
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Internal Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Author-Name: C Boscos
Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Title: Milk consumption monitoring as a farmer friendly indicator for advanced treatment in limited fed calves with neonatal diarrhoea syndrome
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether milk consumption (MC) could be used as a simple farmer-friendly indicator for providing advanced treatment to limited fed diarrhoeic neonatal calves. Complementarily, it was evaluated whether the standard indications for veterinary care (severe dehydration and/or acidosis-septicaemia) are associated with different patterns in MC. The MC and health records of 103 calves with diarrhoeathat were fed a milk replacer at the volume of 10% of their body weight were used in the study. The MC reduction rate (MCRR) was calculated after each feeding (MCt) during the diarrhoea course, based on the MC prior to the diarrhoea onset for each calf (MC0) using the formula MCRR = 100 × (MC0 - MCt)/MC0. The calves were assigned into the ST group (n = 58) if they only received the standard treatment (oral rehydration solutions between milk feedings) until recovery, and into the advanced treatment (VT) group (n = 45) if they needed advanced treatment (i.v. fluids ± antibiotics) directly or after the standard treatment. The calves in the VT group that only had dehydration, were further assigned into the DH subgroup (n = 22) and those with signs of acidosis-septicaemia with or without dehydration were assigned into the ASD subgroup (n = 23). The MC was practically stable in the ST group throughout the diarrhoea course. In the VT group, the MC was significantly reduced during the last 36 hours prior to the advanced treatment administration. This reduction was significantly higher in the ASD subgroup than the DH subgroup. The MCRR on the last meal prior to treatment administration was proven to be a very reliable indicator for the detection of diarrhoeic calves needing advanced treatment (cut-off: ≥ 24.5%; sensitivity: 95.6%; specificity: 98.7%) and of those with acidosis-septicaemia (cut-off: ≥ 29.6%; sensitivity: 91.7%; specificity: 99.1%). The results of the study show thatfarmers employing this feeding regimen should seek veterinary assistance when the milk consumption of calves is reduced by ≥ 24.5%.
Keywords: milk intake monitoring, calf scours, intensive therapy, farmer guidelines
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 104-110
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/57/2019-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/57/2019-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:3:id:57-2019-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S Erdogan
Author-Workplace-Name: Deparment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
Author-Name: H Erdogan
Author-Workplace-Name: Deparment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
Author-Name: S Pasa
Author-Workplace-Name: Deparment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
Author-Name: K Ural
Author-Workplace-Name: Deparment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
Title: P-wave dispersion and renal biomarkers in canine visceral leishmaniasis stage III and IV infected dogs
Abstract: Canine visceral leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease affecting most vital organs and also causing myocardial and/or renal damage. P-wave dispersion, a newly used non-invasive ECG indicator, is used to follow atrial arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, valvular disease in both human and veterinary medicine. The purpose of this study involving Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL)-infected dogs in stage III and IV was to verify whether the P-wave dispersion was related to the renal failure. For this purpose, a total of 17 dogs of different ages, both sexes, comprising eleven animals with CVL (at stage III and IV) diagnosed using a rapid ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) test and serological IFAT (immunofluorescence.antibody titres) and six healthy dogs used as controls were enrolled. Significant differences between the P-wave dispersion (regarding the mean values) of the control, stage III and IV-infected groups (P = 0.003) were detected as follows: 21.8 ± 0.5, 20.6 ± 1.2 and 25.0 ± 0.4 ms, respectively. The P-wave dispersion value was moderately longer in the stage IV-infected group compared with the control one (P = 0.022), however, the aforementioned relationship was determined as significant between the stage IV and III-infected groups (P = 0.003). Regarding all of the biomarkers of the renal function monitored within this study, there were differences between the control and stage IV-infected group for the creatinine (P = 0.002), the control and stage IV-infected group for the urine protein/creatinine ratio (P < 0.001), and the stage III and stage IV-infected groups for the urine protein/creatinine ratio (P < 0.001). In conclusion, an increased P-wave dispersion was not associated with renal failure. It might be related to the limitation of our study including small sample sizes in the groups. Therefore, the cardiac indicators were not analysed. For more accurate results, it is desirable to perform further studies including a larger sample size along with an investigation of the cardiac and renal indicators.
Keywords: last stage infection, non-invasive ECG indicator, renal failure
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 111-115
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/51/2019-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/51/2019-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:3:id:51-2019-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Y Quah
Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: N Boby
Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Author-Name: SC Park
Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Title: In vitro pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics evaluation of marbofloxacin against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Abstract: This study aimed at determining the in vitro antibacterial activity of a clinically achievable marbofloxacin (MAR) concentration against the clinical isolate S. pseudintermedius in an in vitro dynamic model simulating the in vivo pharmacokinetics of dogs. The in vitro PK/PD (pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic) model that mimics the single daily doses of MAR (half-life, 8 h) was simulated. An inoculum (108 cfu/ml) of clinical isolate S. pseudintermedius (MIC = 0.0625 μg/ml) was exposed to monoexponentially decreasing concentrations of MAR with simulated AUC24 h/MIC varied from 34.81 h to 696.15 h. Every two hours, the multiple sample colony forming units were determined. The result of this study demonstrated that the clinically achieved MAR concentrations at AUC24 h/MIC ratios of 348.08 and 696.15 h produced a pronounced reduction in the bacterial counts and prevented the re-growth of the clinical isolate S. pseudintermedius. However, further study, considering the strains with different susceptibility levels, is recommended.
Keywords: dogs, clinical isolates, simulation, antimicrobial resistance
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 116-122
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/82/2019-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/82/2019-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202003-0004.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:3:id:82-2019-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S Kovarikova
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V Simerdova
Author-Workplace-Name: Private Veterinarian, Sumperk, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M Bilek
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Kadera, Uherske Hradiste, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D Honzak
Author-Workplace-Name: Private Veterinarian, Velatice, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V Palus
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Neurovet, Trencin, Slovakia
Author-Name: P Marsalek
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Clinicopathological characteristics of cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease in the Czech Republic
Abstract: A total of 214 cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) were assessed in this study. There were 81.30% males (82.20% of them neutered) and 18.70% females (80.00% of them spayed) with an age range from 9 months to 17 years (mean 5.1 ± 3.7). Most of the cats (111; 51.90%) were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis; in 57 (26.60%) cats, uroliths were detected. A urinary tract infection (UTI) as well as urethral plugs were diagnosed in 23 cats (10.75%). In 100 cats, a non-obstructive form of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) was present; in 114 cats (exclusively males) a urethral obstruction was diagnosed. Most of the cats (141; 65.90%) were indoor-housed. The cats with the UTI were significantly older when compared to the other cases of FLUTD. The most common clinical signs reported by the owners were dysuria (39.70%), oliguria/anuria (31.30%), and vomiting (24.80%). In the cats with the urethral obstruction, oliguria/anuria and non-specific systemic signs were dominant whereas in the non-obstructive form, signs of a lower urinary tract disease were more frequent. The urine specific gravity ranged from 1.008 to 1.080, while in the cats diagnosed with UTI, it was significantly lower than the other cats. Haematuria was the most common finding within the urinalysis which was diagnosed in 181 cats (84.60%): macroscopic haematuria was present in 94 patients (43.90%), microscopic haematuria was present in 87 cats (40.70%). Pyuria was found in 36 cats (16.80%). In the UTI cats, the most common bacterial isolate was E. coli. Results of our study are in agreement with previous reports of FLUTD in various countries, with idiopathic cystitis as the most common cause.
Keywords: feline idiopathic cystitis, urinary tract infection, urethral plugs, urolithiasis
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 123-133
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/146/2019-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/146/2019-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202003-0005.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:3:id:146-2019-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M Shah
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
Author-Name: H Zaneb
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Author-Name: S Masood
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Author-Name: AS Qureshi
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Author-Name: HA Ullah
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
Author-Name: A Sikandar
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Author-Name: S Din
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Author-Name: I Ahmad
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
Author-Name: MS Khan
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Bio-Sciences, Gomal University D. I. Khan, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Author-Name: H Ur Rehman
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Author-Name: M Usman
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Title: Effect of single or combined supplementation of zinc and probiotics on muscle and bone characteristics and haematobiochemical profile in broilers
Abstract: The study was conducted to elucidate the effect of a single or combined supplementation of zinc sulphate monohydrate (ZnSO4.H2O) and a probiotic (Protexin®) on the pectoral muscle, tibial bone and serum biochemistry in broilers. Day-old chicks (n = 192) were divided into: Control (basal diet), Zn30 (basal diet + ZnSO4.H2O 30 mg/kg feed), Zn60 (basal diet + ZnSO4.H2O 60 mg/kg feed), Pro (basal diet + Protexin® 0.1 g/kg feed), Com30 (basal diet + ZnSO4.H2O 30 mg/kg feed + Protexin® 0.1 g/kg feed) and Com60 (basal diet + ZnSO4.H2O 60 mg/kg feed + Protexin® 0.1 g/kg feed). The birds were slaughtered on the 42nd day and blood was collected to determine the cortisol, cholesterol and zinc concentrations. The pectoral muscle was selected for the assessment of the pH and water holding capacity (WHC) along with the histological sections. After defleshing, tibial bone measurements were also taken. Statistical analysis revealed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the ultimate pH (pHu), WHC and muscle fascicle diameter in the Zn30, Zn60, Pro, Com30 and Com60 groups compared to the control group. Myofibre area showed a significant increase (P > 0.05) in the Com30 and Com60 groups against the control group. The medullary canal diameter of the tibia was smaller (P > 0.05) in the Zn60, Pro, Com30 and Com60 groups than in the control group. The tibiotarsal index was greater (P > 0.05) in the Zn60, Pro, Com30 and Com60 groups. The serum cholesterol was decreased (P > 0.05) in the Pro and Com30 groups when compared to the control group. It is concluded that zinc sulfate monohydrate and probiotic supplementation individually or in combination positively affected the histological characteristics of the muscle, tibial bone strength and haematobiochemical indicators.
Keywords: zinc sulphate monohydrate, Protexin®, , meat, tibia, cholesterol
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 134-142
Volume: 65
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/152/2019-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/152/2019-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:3:id:152-2019-VETMED