Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Frant Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland Author-Name: M Lyjak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland Author-Name: L Bocian Author-Workplace-Name: Department, of Epidemiology and Risk Asessment, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland Author-Name: A Barszcz Author-Workplace-Name: Department, of Epidemiology and Risk Asessment, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland Author-Name: K Niemczuk Author-Workplace-Name: Director General, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland Author-Name: G Wozniakowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland Title: African swine fever virus (ASFV) in Poland: Prevalence in a wild boar population (2017-2018) Abstract: African swine fever (ASF) was first described in 1921 in Kenya. The latest epidemic of ASF started in 2007 in Georgia. The virus was introduced to Poland in 2014. Since the beginning of the epidemics, the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy (NVRI) has been testing wild boar samples from restricted areas and other parts of Poland to conduct passive and active surveillance for ASFV in these groups of animals. The aim of this study was to summarise the last two years of the ASF epidemiological status in Poland and the attempt to find disease patterns in the wild boar population. The period between 2017 and 2018 brought a massive number of new ASF cases in Poland. The number of ASF-positive wild boars jumped from 91 in 2016 to 1 140 in 2017 (approximately a 12 × increase), and 2018 was even worse, with the disease affecting 4 083 animals (2 435 cases; one case could even be 10 animals or more if they are found in one place next to each other). The percentage of positive wild boars found dead (passive surveillance) in the restricted area increased in 2018 to 73.1% from 70.8% in 2017. The chance of obtaining positive results in this group was six times higher in December and 4.5 times higher in January than in August and September. The percentage of positive wild boars detected through active surveillance reached 1.5% in 2018. The data suggested that, not only in Poland, but also in other ASF-affected countries, during the epizootic stage of the disease spread the most important measure is an effective passive surveillance of dead wild boars especially, in the winter season rather than in the summer. Keywords: ASF, season, passive surveillance, active surveillance, dead animals, hunted animals Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 143-158 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/105/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/105/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202004-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:4:id:105-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Candela Andrade Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany Author-Name: P Slunsky Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany Author-Name: LG Klass Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany Author-Name: L Brunnberg Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany Title: Risk factors and long-term surgical outcome of patellar luxation and concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs Abstract: Concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is a common complication in small breed dogs with patellar luxation (PL) with an elusive pathogenesis. Surgical treatment is available and commonly includes remodelling osteotomies. While these modern techniques have shown good functional results, access is limited due to the high costs for owners and the need for special surgical equipment. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the frequency and risk factors for concomitant CCLR in small breed dogs with PL. To study the outcome and complications of the combination of the Wedge recession osteotomy (WR) and Tibial tuberosity transposition (TT) with a Fascia over-the-top (OT) or a Capsular and fascial imbrication technique (CFI) for the simultaneous treatment of PL and concomitant CCLR. A retrospective study is presented here. The signalment, body weight, luxation grade and direction, affected side, bilateral or unilateral PL, CCLR and meniscal status were analysed. The surgical treatment for PL and concomitant CCLR, outcome and complications were investigated. Of 233 small breed dogs with PL, 52 (22.31%) had a concomitant CCLR. Maltese dogs were more likely to have concomitant CCLR. The mean age for the dogs with PL only was 5.32 years, which was significantly younger than the mean age of dogs with PL and concomitant CCLR (7.39 years). Overweight dogs with PL were prone to develop concomitant CCLR. Surgical stabilisation with a combination of WR, TT and OT or CFI had excellent or good results in 86.63% of the cases, while 16.67% of the cases developed complications. In conclusion, PL and concomitant CCL ruptures can be managed successfully by performing a combination of WR, TT and OT or CFI. The outcomes and complication rates are comparable to remodelling osteotomies. Moreover, these techniques are less expensive and can be performed with standard surgical equipment. These findings should be beneficial for clinical diagnosis, client education and treatment. Keywords: knee surgery, stifle pathology, canine lameness Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 159-167 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/155/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/155/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202004-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:4:id:155-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: HS Saltik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey Author-Name: M Kale Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey Title: Evaluation of infection with N protein-specific Immunoglobulin M and G in naturally occurring distemper in dogs Abstract: In dogs, canine distemper has a worldwide distribution with high morbidity/mortality, despite the widespread usage of vaccines and has no specific treatment. In susceptible animals with the canine distemper virus, respiratory, gastrointestinal and nervous system disorders, immunosuppression and cutaneous lesions can also be seen. Especially puppies and unvaccinated dogs are prone to get the viral infection. IgM and IgG antibodies constitute the major component of the natural antibodies produced during the primary and secondary antibody response that have long been recognised to inhibit viral infections. In the present study, the presence of the viral N protein-specific IgM and IgG was investigated by indirect ELISA in naturally infected dogs. Moreover, the rate of outbreaks in naturally infected dogs was shown by the detection of new and re-infections. In the Western Mediterranean region, blood serum samples were collected from 50 unvaccinated dogs for the mentioned infection between 2015 and 2017. At 0-12 months, in the dogs with clinical symptoms, the indirect ELISA detected 4% acute, 54% early convalescent, 40% late convalescent and 2% no infections phases. The clinical manifestations were studied in four main groups follow as: respiratory, gastrointestinal, nervous and cutaneous symptoms. The evaluation showed that the canine distemper virus N protein-specific antibodies detection by the indirect ELISA is quick and safe in naturally infected dogs. In conclusion, the method is very useful for the pre-diagnosis of the disease when evaluated together with the clinical symptoms. It helps to distinguish acute and convalescent (early/late) phases. Distinguishing these phases of infection is important for monitoring the spread of the outbreaks and identifying the risk of severe forms of canine distemper. Keywords: antibody, canine, convalescent, ELISA, morbillivirus, unvaccinated Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 168-173 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/31/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/31/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202004-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:4:id:31-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Czech Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: I Sembratowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: G Zieba Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences' in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Title: Effect of the use of Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast with a probiotic in the diet of turkeys on their gut microbiota and immunity Abstract: An experiment was carried out to determine whether the yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica added to compound feeds for turkeys would have a more beneficial effect on their immunity and gut microflora composition than the commonly used species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An additional aim of the study was to test whether the addition of a probiotic (Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis) to the feed containing Yarrowia lipolytica or Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast would enhance their effect. The experiment was carried out on growing turkey hens aged 7 to 112 days and randomly divided into six groups (each n = 80). The birds in the control group (C) and group P were fed standard feeds, but group P additionally received a probiotic. Groups Y and YP received the feed containing the Yarrowia lipolytica fodder yeast, and the probiotic for the YP group. Similarly, in groups S and SP, the turkeys received the feed with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fodder yeast, and the probiotic was additionally added to the feed for the SP group. Yarrowia lipolytica yeast can be an alternative to the commonly used yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in turkey feeds. Yarrowia lipolytica favourably influenced the intestinal microbiota (reduced the number of microorganisms - P < 0.001, fungi - P < 0.001, and coliforms - P < 0.001, including E. coli), and stimulated erythropoiesis (increased Hb content - P = 0.049 and RBC count - P = 0.027; increased Ht - P < 0.001) and immune mechanisms (increased the %pc - P = 0.021, NBT value - P = 0.013 and lysozyme content - P = 0.013; decreased IgM concentration - P = 0.049). The combined use of a probiotic with yeast, particularly Yarrowia lipolytica, has a more beneficial effect on the gut microbiota than the use of Yarrowia lipolytica alone. The combined use of a probiotic with a yeast, particularly Yarrowia lipolytica, has a more beneficial effect on the gut microbiota than the use of Yarrowia lipolytica alone. Keywords: blood, Bacillus, immunological parameters Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 174-182 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/145/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/145/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202004-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:4:id:145-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: M Chae Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K Eom Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Title: Imaging findings for Atlanto-occipital assimilation with multiple cervical vertebral anomalies in a Beagle dog: A 2 year follow-up Abstract: A 3-year-old male Beagle dog was presented for a physical examination, which revealed a mild stiff neck that was affecting movement. The imaging modalities led to our diagnosis of an asymmetric fusion of the occipital condyle and atlas wing consistent with Atlanto-occipital assimilation (AOA). An incomplete ossification of the atlas and axis, dysplastic dens, and a blocked vertebra were also noted. During a two-year follow-up, the dog showed no other clinical signs or disease progression. To our knowledge, this is the first imaging description of AOA in veterinary medicine. We recommend a careful CT (computed tomography) and an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) evaluation in cases of neck pain and cervical myelopathy, and inclusion of AOA among the differential diagnoses, with the awareness that its clinical signs resemble those of other canine diseases. Keywords: Atlanto-occipital assimilation, Atlanto-occipital fusion, atlas occipitalisation, cervical vertebral anomaly, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 183-189 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/84/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/84/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202004-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:4:id:84-2019-VETMED