Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Kara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Title: Determination of the in vitro digestibility and nutrient content of commercial premium extruded foods with different types of protein content for adult dogs Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro digestibility levels and chemical compositions of commercial extruded dry-type adult dog foods with different types of protein contents [fish meat (F-dog foods) (n = 7), lamb meat (L-dog foods) (n = 9), or poultry meat (P-dog foods) (n = 8)]. The in vitro digestion values of premium commercial dog foods were examined at three stages: gastric digestion, small intestine digestion and large intestine digestion/fermentation. The metabolisable energy (ME), crude protein (CP), starch, diethyl ether extract (EE) and ash contents and the in vitro cumulative gas production values of all the premium dog foods differed significantly among the commercial brands in the same category (F-, L- or P-dog foods) (P < 0.05). The crude fibre (CF) and the CP/1 000 kcal ME values of the F- and P-dog foods demonstrated a significant difference among the commercial brands (P < 0.05). The organic matter disappearance (OMd) values of the L-dog foods showed a significant difference among the commercial brands (P < 0.05); but the OMd values of the F- and P-dog foods did not differ among the commercial brands (P > 0.05). The average values of the OMd for the F-dog foods were more rapid than the average for the L- and P-dog foods, in the evaluation of all the foods (P = 0.001). Besides, the price of the L-dog foods was positively correlated with the OMd and CP of the L-dog foods; however, it was negatively correlated with the NFE (nitrogen free extract) and CHO (total carbohydrates) of the L-dog foods (P < 0.05). The CP values of the L-dog foods were positively correlated with the OMd values (P < 0.05). Although price is an important determinant of food quality in the L-dog foods, it is not in the F- and P-dog foods. In the general evaluation of all the dog foods, there was no correlation among the food price and the digestibility and the nutrient content for all of the premium dog foods. The present study indicated that the energy, nutrient matter and digestibility of premium dog foods changed with the change in the variety and the amount of the feedstuffs. The digestibility of the dog foods with the fish meat were higher than those of the other dog foods. The amount of protein that an adult dog will receive with 1 000 kcal of DM (dry matter) consumption of premium dog foods with fish meat and chicken meat, varied among the brands. This point showed the need to pay attention to the food consumption amount of the dogs and the energy-protein balance in their diets, especially dog foods with fish meat and chicken meat. Keywords: carnivore, chemical composition, dog food quality, dog food type, purchase Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 233-249 Volume: 65 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/139/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/139/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202006-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:6:id:139-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: DJ Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Author-Name: TH Chung Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Integrated Biotechnology, Joongbu University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C Park Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea Title: Quantitative analysis of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells in canine atopic dermatitis in Korea Abstract: Recently, it was suggested that CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs (Regulatory T-cells) exist in canine skin, although their numbers were not significantly different between healthy and atopic dogs. In this study, we investigated whether Treg frequencies correlate with the clinical features of canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). The goal of this study was to compare and analyse the numbers of the circulating Tregs in atopic and healthy dogs. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy dogs, Tregs defined as CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in the peripheral blood ranged from 0.3% to 1.5%. By contrast, in atopic dogs, the same population ranged from 0.7% to 8.8%. The percentage of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in gated CD4+ T-cells was significantly higher in the peripheral blood of dogs with atopic dermatitis (n = 9) than in the healthy controls (n = 8). The difference in the Treg levels (CD4+CD25+FoxP3+) (P = 0.012) between the atopic and the healthy groups was statistically significant. The circulating T-cells (phenotype CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ and CD4+FoxP3+) were increased significantly in the atopic dogs. The proportion of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs of the atopic dogs decreased with advancing age. These findings suggest that changes in the Tregs may mediate the pathogenesis of CAD. Keywords: canine, atopy, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 250-257 Volume: 65 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/20/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/20/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202006-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:6:id:20-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Kovacik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M Gasparovic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: E Tvrda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K Tokarova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: E Kovacikova Author-Workplace-Name: AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M Rolinec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L Rumanova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M Capcarova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: B Galik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Effects of humic acid diet on the serum biochemistry and oxidative status markers in pheasants Abstract: This study investigated the effect of different concentrations of humic acids (HAs) on the selected serum biochemistry parameters and oxidative status markers in common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). The control birds were fed a diet with no HA additives, while the birds in the experimental groups were fed diets containing HAs at the level of 0.5% (EG1), 0.75% (EG2) and 1.0% (EG3) from 1 to 90 days of age. The blood sodium concentration decreased (P < 0.01) in the group fed by 1.00% HAs compared to the control birds. The concentration of potassium in the EG2 group increased (P < 0.05) in comparison to the control group. The EG1 group showed a higher (P < 0.01) serum glucose than the EG2 group. Significant differences (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) were also found between the experimental groups (EG1 vs EG2, and EG2 vs EG3) in the cholesterol concentrations. The birds in the experimental groups showed lower ROS (reactive oxygen species) and MDA (malondialdehyde) production. An opposite effect was observed in the TAC (total antioxidant capacity), where its values significantly increased in the experimental groups. The diet supplementation affected the enzymatic antioxidant system of the fattened pheasants, and so the HAs exhibited an antioxidant potential in these birds. Keywords: food additives, Phasianus colchicus, blood serum indicators, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 258-268 Volume: 65 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/174/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/174/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202006-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:6:id:174-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B Bayraktar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Health Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey Author-Name: E Tekce Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Applied Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey Author-Name: H Kaya Author-Workplace-Name: Gümüşhane University Şiran Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Şiran/ Gümüşhane, Turkey Author-Name: M Karaalp Author-Workplace-Name: Gümüşhane University Kelkit Aydin Doğan Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kelkit/Gümüşhane, Turkey Author-Name: E Turunc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology Science, Atatürk University Erzurum, Turkey Title: The impact of dietary tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) on serum apelin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cardiac troponin concentrations and histopathology of liver tissue in laying hens housed at different stocking densities Abstract: Due to its association with several other stress factors (poultry house gases, inadequate ventilation, heat, cold and poor hygiene), the high stocking density is a major stress factor that adversely affects the health and performance of poultry and the quality of the poultry products. Therefore, this experimental study was aimed at analysing the impact of different doses of dietary tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) on the serum apelin, plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p-BDNF), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations, and the correlation between these indicators in laying hens housed at different stocking densities. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of adding tarragon in different ratios to laying hen rations in the 2nd ovulation period on the cTnI, apelin, and BDNF hormone concentrations and the liver histopathology. The experiment was carried out over a period of eight weeks, with 192 Lohman Brown commercial hybrids at 50 weeks of age. Eight groups (four replicates each), composed of laying hens of equal body weight, which were housed at stocking densities of 580 cm2/hen and 810 cm2/hen and received 0, 1, 5 and 10 mmol/kg of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) in the feed, were established. At the end of the trial, 96 of the housed egg-laying hens (3 birds in each subgroup, a total of 12 birds in each group) were randomly selected and blood samples were taken from the vena subcutanea ulnaris. The samples collected were analysed for the apelin, p-BDNF, and cTnI contents. The analysis results demonstrated that tarragon supplementation had no effect on the serum apelin, p-BDNF and cTnI concentrations (P > 0.05). The Sub-Groups ST1, ST1.2, and ST6 presented with severe hyperaemia of the sinusoidal, portal and acinar blood vessels, whilst the hyperaemia of these blood vessels was moderate in Sub-Group ST12. Apelin, BDNF, and cTnI can act as protective factors against negative consequences of stress (e.g., stocking density or heat stress). Keywords: diet, diet supplementation, apelin, BDNF, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 269-279 Volume: 65 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/9/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202006-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:6:id:9-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Manzini Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Hospital "I Portoni Rossi", Zola Predosa (BO), Italy Author-Name: PE Crisi Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: F Del Signore Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: V Torre Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Hospital "I Portoni Rossi", Zola Predosa (BO), Italy Author-Name: L Stehlik Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R Tamburro Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: M Vignoli Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Title: Post-traumatic urinoma in two cats: Imaging diagnosis Abstract: A urinoma is a collection of urine surrounded by a fibrotic wall and, in the veterinary medicine, this condition is rarely reported. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and therapeutic features of two cats with post traumatic urinomas, with particular attention paid to the imaging findings. In both patients, well-defined anechoic fluid collections in the retroperitoneal space were identified by ultrasound examinations and the laboratory tests suggested the urinous nature of the fluid. With excretory urography, the only relevant findings revealed were the abdominal and retroperitoneal loss of detail, whereas the combination of multiple techniques in Case 1 and the delayed study in Case 2, detected contrast leakage and fluid collections in the retroperitoneal space. Both patients fully recovered after either surgical or conservative treatments. In conclusion, different imaging modalities have been helpful to properly diagnose urinomas in cats and especially combined and/or delayed studies were of paramount importance for the final diagnosis. Keywords: feline urinoma, ultrasonography, radiography, computed tomography, excretory urography, retrograde cystourethrography Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 280-288 Volume: 65 Issue: 6 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/179/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/179/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202006-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:6:id:179-2019-VETMED