Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y Horiuk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Technologies in Livestock, State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine Author-Name: M Kukhtyn Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Biotechnology and Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering of Machines, Structures and Technologies, Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ternopil, Ukraine Author-Name: V Horiuk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, Pathology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Technologies in Livestock, State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, Kamianets- Podilskyi, Ukraine Author-Name: S Kernychnyi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, Pathology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Technologies in Livestock, State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, Kamianets- Podilskyi, Ukraine Author-Name: L Tarasenko Author-Workplace-Name: Depertment of Veterinary Hygiene, Sanitary and Expertise, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Odessa State Agrarian University, Odessa, Ukraine Title: Characteristics of bacteriophages of the Staphylococcus aureus variant bovis Abstract: Bacteriophages may be an alternative method of treatment for antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including mastitis in cows. Our study describes the initial isolation and bacteriological activity of bacteriophages, circulating on dairy farms, the against S. aureus var. bovis. Samples of cow's milk secretions with signs of mastitis and sewage water were used as the study material. The isolation and production of pure bacteriophage lines were performed according to the double agar method. The method of studying a single cycle of phage reproduction was used to determine the duration of the latency period. Determination of the spectrum of the lytic activity of bacteriophages against the clinical isolates of the microorganisms was carried out by the drop method. As a result of the research, four phages, specific for S. aureus var. bovis were isolated: Phage SAvB07, Phage SAvB08, Phage SAvB12 and Phage SAvB14. The negative colonies of the isolated phages were 1-2 mm in size, rounded with clear edges, with varying degrees of transparency. The latency period of Phage SAvB14 was 35 min, with the number of active virions increasing by 8 orders. In the study on growth curves of other bacteriophages, taken in the experiment, the latency period was more than 35 min, and their titre increased by only two orders. Phage SAvB07, Phage SAvB08 and Phage SAvB12 were able to lyse the bacterial strains of S. aureus var. bovis in 25-45.6% of the cases (low lytic activity), whereas Phage SAvB14 lysed 94.1% of S. aureus strains were isolated from the cows. Studies have shown that among the bacteriophages we have studied, Phage SAvB14 with a short latency period has the best lytic action on the culture S. aureus var. bovis. The resulting bacteriophage strain can be used to create a bacteriophage-based drug for the treatment of mastitis in cows. Keywords: phages, S. aureus, mastitis, latency period, lytic activity Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 421-426 Volume: 65 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/vet-202010-0001_characteristics-of-8239-bacteriophages-of-8239-the-8239-staphylococcus-aureus-variant-bovis.php File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202010-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:10:id:55-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D Sperling Author-Workplace-Name: Ceva Santé Animale, Libourne, France Author-Name: H Karembe Author-Workplace-Name: Ceva Santé Animale, Libourne, France Author-Name: J Vanhara Author-Workplace-Name: Ceva Santé Animale, Libourne, France Author-Name: B Hinney Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria Author-Name: A Joachim Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria Title: Suckling piglet coccidiosis on farms in the Czech Republic - A pilot study Abstract: Suckling piglet coccidiosis is a common diarrhoeal disease of unweaned pigs caused by Cystoisospora suis with previously reported herd prevalences of 60% and more. The parasite quickly spreads in affected herds and causes malabsorption and a reduced and uneven body weight gain. The only drug currently licenced for the control of porcine cystoisosporiasis is toltrazuril, which suppresses parasite development and the corresponding diarrhoea. A recent study detected high prevalences of C. suis on swine farms in Austria, Germany, Spain and the Czech Republic independent of the treatment. Here, the situation in the Czech Republic is evaluated in more detail. In total, faecal samples from 161 litters (two samples/litter in the second and third week of life) from 17 farms (250-2 000 sows) were examined for the presence of C. suis oocysts by autofluorescence and for faecal consistency. An accompanying questionnaire revealed details on the herd management and treatments. Eight farms applied toltrazuril on the 3rd, 4th or 5th day of life. Overall, 70.6% of the farms and 32.2% of the litters were positive for C. suis at least once, 39.4% in the untreated litters (n = 76) and 24.8% in the treated litters (n = 85). Diarrhoea occurred on eight farms (six with the toltrazuril treatment) in 11.9% of the untreated and 2.5% of the treated litters. This study shows that coccidiosis is still common in Czech swine farms and that treatment in the recommended time frame may reduce the diarrhoea, but cannot interrupt the parasite's life cycle. Some type of effective disinfection, which may have contributed to a more effective parasite control, was not in place in any of the farms. Keywords: Cystoisospora suis, pig, swine, toltrazuril Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 427-434 Volume: 65 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/62/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/62/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202010-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:10:id:62-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G Stoimenov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Pathology and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: G Goujgoulova Author-Workplace-Name: National Diagnostic Research Veterinary Medical Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: K Hristov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Radiology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria Title: Analysis of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus causing the first outbreak in domestic poultry in Bulgaria in January 2015 Abstract: This study documents the clinical signs, necropsy findings and viral antigen distribution of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus infection in domestic poultry (a backyard farm) and the phylogenetic analysis of the virus. On January 29, 2015, an outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in domestic poultry was reported on a backyard farm in Bulgaria. Out of the twenty-two chickens with clinical signs, twenty died while the remaining two were destroyed. The morbidity was 100%, whereas the overall mortality and lethality were 90.91%. The clinical observations made were sudden death, high mortality, weakness, and recumbency. Although multisystemic lesions were observed occasionally, the main pathologic findings were observed in the nervous, circulatory, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems. An influenza virus nucleocapsid protein was identified by an immunohistochemical analysis in all the analysed organs: brain 3/3, trachea 3/3, lung 3/3, intestine 3/3, heart 3/3, which confirmed the systemic infection. The phylogenetic analyses of the virus showed a close genetic relationship with the H5N1 viruses of Asian origin, isolated in 2012 and 2013, belonging to the clade 2.3.2.1c. The HA-gene genetically clusters with HPAI H5N1 viruses isolated from wild pelicans in Romania and Bulgaria, thereby demonstrating the link between wild and domestic birds in the epidemiology of avian influenza. The contact between the affected chickens and migrating water birds over Bulgaria's territory was suspected as a reason for the outbreak in the backyard farm. In addition, the detection of the virus in wild bird populations in Bulgaria three days earlier strongly supports the hypothesis of migrating wild birds spreading HPAI H5N1. Keywords: histopathology, influenza virus, immunohistochemistry, phylogenetic analysis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 435-444 Volume: 65 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/148/2019-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/148/2019-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202010-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:10:id:148-2019-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H Cernochova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A Hundakova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E Bardi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy Author-Name: Z Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Biochemical profile of urine in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) Abstract: Guinea pigs are common patients in veterinary clinics. Knowledge of the urine composition is necessary for the evaluation of their health. We, therefore, analysed the urine of fifty guinea pigs, thirty-two males, and eighteen females, aged between four months and seven years. None of these guinea pigs showed clinical signs of urinary tract diseases. The urine samples were obtained as part of a preventive check-up, during a regular dental check-up or another minor procedure. The urine was acquired by spontaneous micturition after inducing a short-term, light isoflurane anaesthesia. A macroscopic evaluation of the urine samples and a urine dipstick test were used for the preliminary examination. The average pH was determined to be 8.5 ± 0.5, and in three animals, moderate glycosuria was detected using the urine dipsticks. No urobilinogen, ketone bodies, haemoglobin, or blood traces were present in any of the samples. Severe proteinuria was detected in all the samples. The samples were subsequently evaluated in a laboratory for the following values: specific gravity 1 024.40 ± 1.83 kg/m3, osmolality 601.14 ± 52.28 mOsm/kg, total protein 290.16 ± 34.73 mg/l, albumin 12.04 ± 1.92 mg/l, glucose 0.77 ± 0.20 mmol/l, urea 217.60 ± 24.23 mmol/l, creatinine 3.98 ± 0.48 mmol/l, bilirubin 9.63 ± 1.73 μmol/l, calcium 6.14 ± 0.40 mmol/l, phosphorus 4.95 ± 1.30 mmol/l, magnesium 9.86 ± 0.57 mmol/l, sodium 49.15 ± 6.67 mmol/l, potassium 152.21 ± 10.62 mmol/l, chloride 51.14 ± 5.81 mmol/l, activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase 0.72 ± 0.14 μkat/l, alkaline phosphatase 0.56 ± 0.11 μkat/l and lactate dehydrogenase 0.68 ± 0.14 μkat/l. The descriptive values of the urine biochemical parameters of guinea pigs were determined for the first time in this study. Keywords: clinical biochemistry, herbivorous mammals, urinalysis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 445-450 Volume: 65 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/32/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/32/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202010-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:10:id:32-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: GC Choi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Medical Center W, Seogyo-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JY Ko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: SM Ong Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Medical Center W, Seogyo-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JH Sur Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: MH Kang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Title: Septate gallbladder in a dog with cholecystitis: A case report and literature review Abstract: A 5-year-old, Yorkshire terrier was presented due to the acute onset of vomiting and diarrhoea. The imaging studies showed an abnormally separated gallbladder with a thickened wall, a tortuous common bile duct that contained hyperechoic materials. A cholecystectomy was performed because of the failure of the conservative management. The gallbladder was partially divided by a septum and communicated with the cystic duct. Histologically, the dog was diagnosed as having cholecystitis and choledochitis. To the author's knowledge, this is the first clinical description of a symptomatic septate gallbladder in a dog. Although congenital gallbladder abnormalities are rare in animals, a septate gallbladder can predispose to an inflammatory biliary disease due to the abnormal bile flow. Keywords: cholecystectomy, cholestasis, congenital abnormalities, gallbladder diseases Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 451-456 Volume: 65 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/108/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/108/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202010-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:10:id:108-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D Noh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: SW Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D Jung Author-Workplace-Name: Jung Animal Clinic, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JK Park Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Title: Imaging findings of renal telangiectasia in a Maltese dog Abstract: A 13-year-old neutered male Maltese dog presented with a three-month history of haematuria. The abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a large, multifocally-calcified left renal mass that was disrupting most of the renal parenchyma. Most of the areas of this mass did not show any contrast enhancement on the CT. After a nephrectomy, renal telangiectasia was diagnosed on the histopathology. Renal telangiectasia is a hereditary dysplastic blood vessel disease only previously reported in Pembroke Welsh Corgi. This is the first diagnostic imaging report of renal telangiectasia and the first report in a Maltese. Renal telangiectasia should be considered for the differential diagnosis of destructive renal masses with faint or no contrast enhancement on a CT, even in cases of unilateral renal involvement in Maltese dogs or those in non-corgi breeds. Keywords: canine, computed tomography, non-corgi breed, renal mass Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 457-463 Volume: 65 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/87/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/87/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202010-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:65:y:2020:i:10:id:87-2020-VETMED