Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z Umar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: AS Qureshi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: R Shahid Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: F Deeba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Title: Histological and histomorphometric study of the cranial digestive tract of ostriches (Struthio camelus) with advancing age Abstract: The present study was conducted to determine the histological and histomorphometric variations in the tongue, oesophagus, proventriculus, and gizzard of ostriches (Struthio camelus) with regards to the sex and advancing age. A total of 40 healthy ostriches of both sexes and five age groups; young (up to 1 year, 1 to 2 years and 2 to 3 years) and adult (3 to 4 years and above 4 years) in equal numbers (n = 8) were used in this study. The organs under study were collected immediately after slaughtering the birds. Overall, the colour, shape, weight and various dimensions (length, width, and diameter) of the collected organs were recorded. The mean values of the gross anatomical variables of the studied organs increased (P < 0.05) among all the young groups (i.e., from 1 to 2 years, 2 to 3 years). Similarly, the organs under study in the adult groups (birds aged 3 to 4 years and above 4 years) grew (P < 0.05) as well. However, the differences between the adults were not significant. The histological analysis and histometric measurements were conducted on paraffin embedded tissue sections with Image J® analysis software. The statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in the thickness of the different tunics of the digestive organs in all the groups except those the adult groups. These findings may be of importance for the strategic manipulation of feed and nutrition to enhance the growth rate and also to diagnose pathological processes. Keywords: biometry, oesophagus, gizzard, histometry, proventriculus, tongue Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 127-139 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/120/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/120/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202104-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:120-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Benova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biology, Zoology, and Radiobiology, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovakia Author-Name: P Dvorak Author-Workplace-Name: The Centre for Ionizing Radiation Application at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D Mate Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Hygiene and Technology of Meat, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovakia Author-Name: M Spalkova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biology, Zoology, and Radiobiology, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovakia Author-Name: J Dolezalova Author-Workplace-Name: The Centre for Ionizing Radiation Application at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L Kovarik Author-Workplace-Name: The Centre for Ionizing Radiation Application at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Does the 1 Gy dose of gamma radiation impact the pork quality? Abstract: A nuclear accident (e.g., Fukushima), and, in particular, the transport of animals within a radiation-affected area can lead to a whole-body, or partial external irradiation, followed by oxidative stress, which could result in subsequent meat quality changes. In this experiment, live pigs were exposed to half-body irradiation by an external dose of 1.0 Gy. The caudal half of the animal's body was irradiated. After their slaughter, samples from the muscle tissue of musculus semimembranosus and musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis at the upper margin of musculus gluteus medius (irradiated body half) and at the 3rd-4th thoracic vertebra (non-irradiated half) were collected to determine the meat quality parameters. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed only in the meat colour parameter (a*) in the irradiated group of pigs. If there is no internal contamination, and the half-body exposure to the external radiation dose does not exceed 1 Gy, pigs from an irradiation-affected area may be used for human consumption. Keywords: drip loss, ionising radiation, meat colour, pH, pig Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 140-145 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/149/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/149/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202104-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:149-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Aouadi Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Parasitology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia Author-Name: E Sebai Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Parasitology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia Author-Name: A Saratsis Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - DEMETER Campus Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: V Kantzoura Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - DEMETER Campus Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: K Saratsi Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - DEMETER Campus Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: K Msaada Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center in Borj Cedria Technopole, Hammam Lif, Tunisia Author-Name: S Sotiraki Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - DEMETER Campus Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: H Akkari Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Parasitology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia Title: Essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis induces in vitro anthelmintic and anticoccidial effects against Haemonchus contortus and Eimeria spp. in small ruminants Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the valorisation of the volatile oil of "Rosmarinus officinalis L.", a spontaneously growing medicinal plant in Tunisia, by studying its chemical composition, anthelmintic and anticoccidial potentials against Eimeria spp. and Haemonchus contortus at different essential oil concentrations. The main compounds of the R. officinalis essential oil identified by GC/MS were three monoterpenes: 1,8-cineole (52.06%), α-pinene (15.35%) and camphor (7.69%). The anticoccidial activity was estimated by the inhibition percentage of the oocyte sporulation in addition to the unsporulated and degenerated Eimeria oocysts using a haemocytometer after exposure to different essential oil concentrations. The essential oil was active against Eimeria spp. oocysts of sheep at IC50 = 1.82 ug/ml. Therefore, the IC50 values of the anticoccidial activity of this oil examined was 1.82 mg/ml. The anthelmintic efficacy of the rosemary volatile oil against Haemonchus contortus was realised by two in vitro tests: the egg hatch assay (EHA) and the adult worm's motility assay (AWMA), by comparing this efficacy with albendazole (anthelmintic, of reference). In the egg hatch assay, the percentage of inhibition was observed at 16 mg/ml and was 73.76% after 2 days of incubation (IC50 = 11.41 mg/ml) and for the adult worm's motility assay, it was 100% inhibition. Keywords: coccidia, Eimeria spp., essential oil, Haemonchus contortus, Rosmarinus officinalis, small ruminants Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 146-155 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/139/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/139/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202104-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:139-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: JL Freitas Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: TS Andrade Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: EF Martins Filho Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: D'Soares CS Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: ACSN Souza Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Medicine Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: AWO Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: PV Leal Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Medicine Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Author-Name: TC Peixoto Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Medicine Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Title: Causes of spontaneous death and euthanasia in dogs: A background study in Bahia, Brazil Abstract: Understanding the causes of death in dogs enhances the diagnostic capabilities of veterinarians, as well as reduces animal mortality. Studies on this topic assist in the control and prophylaxis of epidemics and in structuring public health programmes. In total, 1 355 necropsy reports of dogs filed at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Bahia, Northeast, Brazil (2005-2017) were analysed. The epidemiological information and anatomopathological diagnoses were obtained. The diagnosed diseases were classified into 10 categories. The frequency of the zoonoses, the overall age of the death (AD) of the dogs, and the AD of the dogs for each disease category were determined. Infectious and parasitic diseases were the most frequent primary causes of death in puppies (44.62%) and adult dogs (26.52%). In elderly dogs, most deaths occurred due to neoplasms (42.37%). Distemper (10.46%) was the most prevalent condition. A high frequency of zoonoses (6.12%) and a high death rate caused by diseases that could have been prevented (15.06%), such as distemper, parvovirus and canine visceral leishmaniasis, were reported. The AD in the population studied was eight years. The results confirmed the hypothesis of a high death rate in dogs in the state of Bahia, Northeast, Brazil, because of preventable infectious diseases. Keywords: age, anatomopathological diagnosis, life expectancy, necropsy Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 156-166 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/92/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/92/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202104-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:92-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y Eroksuz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: H Abayli Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: Z Yerlikaya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: CA Incili Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: B Karabulut Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: H Eroksuz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Title: Concurrent occurrence of a bovine viral diarrhoea virus type-1 (BVDV-1) infection and Trueperella pyogenes bronchopneumonia in a calf Abstract: The concurrent occurrence of a bovine viral diarrhoea virus type-1 infection and necrotising-suppurative bronchopneumonia due to Trueperella pyogenes was diagnosed in a 4-month-old male calf. The pulmonary lesions were characterised by necro-suppurative bronchopneumonia with intralesional gram-positive microorganisms. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis (MALDI-TOF MS) also indicated the presence of BVDV type-1 and Trueperella pyogenes agents, respectively. A positive immunoreaction to the BVDV was present in the vascular walls in the lungs, hepatocytes, lymphoid cells in the spleen and lymph nodes, and neurons in the brain. With this case study, the two infections were, to the best of our knowledge, reported concurrently for the first time. It can be assumed that a subclinical BVDV infection might contribute to the occurrence of Trueperella pyogenes infections in calves. Keywords: animal diseases, bovine, PCR, ruminant Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 167-171 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/119/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/119/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202104-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:119-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: MY Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JH Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: HM Park Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JH Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: HY Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Title: Surgical stabilisation of hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux associated with idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy in a Wire Fox Terrier Abstract: A one-and-a-half-year-old male Wire Fox Terrier weighing 3 kg presented with continuous drooling and vomiting. Its body condition score was 3/9, and severe atrophy of the temporal/masticatory muscle, trismus, and enophthalmos was observed on physical examination. The radiographic examination and fluoroscopic oesophagography revealed a type 1 hiatal hernia with gastroesophageal reflux. The serology tests revealed increased muscle enzyme activities. The antibody tests for acetylcholine receptor, type 2M fibre, and infectious agents were negative. A conventional surgical treatment was performed, and a thickened, stretched, and flaccid diaphragmatic muscle and an extended inelastic oesophageal hiatus were observed. On the histological examination of the diaphragmatic muscle, a diffuse histiocytic myositis was confirmed. Although the postoperative gastroesophageal reflux totally disappeared, the oesophageal motility and clinical signs did not improve significantly. Medical treatment with immunosuppressive agents was attempted and was effective in alleviating the clinical signs and abnormal oesophageal motility. The health condition of the dog was adequately maintained in the 12-month monitoring period. These findings suggest that, although the medical and surgical treatment have different therapeutic effects, they should be considered simultaneously for the management of a hiatal hernia associated with polymyopathy in dogs. Keywords: muscular dystrophy, myositis, oesophageal hiatus, oesophageal motility Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 172-178 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/47/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/47/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202104-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:47-2020-VETMED