Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Potrapeluk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fur-Bearing Animal Breeding and Game Management, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: P Janiszewski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fur-Bearing Animal Breeding and Game Management, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: M Bogdaszewski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Station in Kosewo Gorne, Mrągowo, Poland Title: Thermography as a tool to monitor the velvet temperature and ossification stage of fallow deer (Dama dama) antlers under normal and modified photoperiodic conditions Abstract: An increase in testosterone levels affects the shedding of velvet which, in turn, influences the behaviour of farm-raised fallow deer bucks. Consequently, the welfare of the farmed animals can be considerably improved by controlling the timing of the velvet shedding period. The aim of this study was to analyse changes in the velvet temperature and the timing of the velvet shedding in farm-raised fallow deer bucks exposed to a modified photoperiod. A total of 28 bucks were examined. The experimental group was subjected to an experimentally modified photoperiod before the direct observations and measurements of the antler temperatures with a thermal imaging camera. The acquired thermograms were useful for analysing the stages and the rate of the antler growth and for predicting the timing of the velvet shedding. The introduction of a long-day photoperiod in spring affected the growth and ossification of the antlers as well as the velvet shedding. The optimal time for antler cutting can be planned based on the identified changes in the velvet temperature in different parts of the antler. Keywords: deer farming, stag, thermograph, velvet shedding, welfare Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 233-241 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/214/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/214/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202106-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:214-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P Przyborowska-Zhalniarovich Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Radiology with Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Y Zhalniarovich Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Radiology with Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: K Wasowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Estimation of the prevalence of respiratory diseases in pigs in north-eastern Poland: Survey of pulmonary lesions in pigs at a slaughterhouse Abstract: A total of 29 520 animals, from 164 batches of pigs belonging to an identical number of herds, were involved in the study. The considered population of pigs were limited to the region of north-eastern Poland involving six voivodeships. From each herd, samples of blood were collected to evaluate the antibody titres to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Aujeszky's disease virus and swine influenza virus. At an abattoir, the lung lesions of each batch were scored and the enzootic pneumonia-like lesion average value was calculated. Lesions, indicative of enzootic pneumonia, were found in 57.8% of the lungs. For all lungs, the enzootic pneumonia-like lesion average value was 1.74, ranging from 0.42 to 3.56 among the 164 batches. In the examined pig population, 57.8% were considered suffering from swine respiratory disease, the majority of the affected pigs came from the Podlaskie (21.7%) and Greater Poland (17.25%) voivodeships. In the most affected voivodeships, 88.37% and 85.16% of the farms were considered as disease-susceptible for Greater Poland and Podlaskie, respectively. The findings indicate that, in pigs in north-eastern Poland, the major pathogens causing pneumonia-like lesions are Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (68.9%) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (44%). Keywords: enzootic pneumonia, mycoplasmas, swine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 242-247 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/188/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/188/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202106-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:188-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Putecova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K Nedbalcova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I Bartejsova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Zouharova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K Matiaskova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E Jeklova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Viskova Author-Workplace-Name: Tekro spol. s r.o., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P Zouzelkova Author-Workplace-Name: Tekro spol. s r.o., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Jerabek Author-Workplace-Name: Tekro spol. s r.o., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: K Stastny Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Experimental determination of the pharmacokinetic properties of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole combination in the blood serum of broiler chickens Abstract: A rapid, simple and highly efficient analytical method for the targeted determination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in serum samples has been developed and used to measure the pharmacokinetic curve of these medicinal substances after administration to chicken broilers. The pharmacokinetics properties of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were investigated in clinically healthy broiler chickens after the single oral administration of the commercial preparation Methoxasol (Eurovet Animal Health, B.V., The Netherlands) at a dose of 0.275 ml/kg b.w. After a single dose drug administration, the chickens were sacrificed by decapitation under general anaesthesia by Isoflurin 1 000 mg/g (Vetpharma AH, Spain) and the blood was collected at precisely defined intervals: 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 360 and 720 min after the administration. The serum concentrations of amoxicillin were determined using Q Exactive tandem mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) in conjunction with liquid chromatography. The detected pharmacokinetic parameters of trimethoprim after the oral administration were Cmax = 2.1 ± 1.0 µg/ml; Tmax = 1.5 h; t1/2 = 0.88 h; kel = 0.009 3 ± 0.001 1 1/h; AUCt = 2.901 ± 1.4 µg.h/ml; AUC∞ = 2.907 ± 1.5 µg.h/ml; Vd = 2.632 l/kg; Cl = 2.7 l/h. The pharmacokinetic parameters of sulfamethoxazole after the oral administration were Cmax = 47.1 ± 15.3 µg/ml; Tmax = 1 h; t1/2 = 1.92 h; kel = 0.004 6 ± 0.000 3 1/h; AUCt = 89.676 ± 26.9 µg.h/ml; AUC∞ = 94.612 ± 28.4 µg.h/ml; Vd = 0.584 l/kg; Cl = 0.21 l/h. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pharmacokinetic study of the combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in broiler chickens. Keywords: antimicrobial treatment, drug concentrations, mass spectrometry, poultry, time dependence Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 248-256 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/190/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/190/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202106-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:190-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Gerbaga Ozsemir Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: K Altunatmaz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey Title: Treatment of extremity fractures in 20 wild birds with a modified Meynard external fixator and clinical assessment of the results Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of the treatment on twenty wild birds presenting with fractures that were stabilised with modified Meynard external fixators. The study material consisted of a total of twenty birds of eight different species, six white storks (Ciconia ciconia), one eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca), one European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus), one long-legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus), three common buzzard (Buteo buteo), one northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), one Armenian gull (Larus armenicus), and six yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis), which were diagnosed with fractures in their extremity bones following clinical and radiological examinations. The lesions of the twenty cases evaluated in the study were diagnosed as humerus fractures in nine cases, ulna fractures in three cases, tibiotarsus fractures in seven cases and a femur fracture in one case. The external fixators were removed between weeks five and nine postoperatively. While healing was seen in twelve of the twenty evaluated cases, the complete functional recovery occurred in six of these and they were released into nature. It was concluded that modified Meynard external fixator, which was made applicable for fractures in birds, could be an alternative method for fracture treatments in wild birds. Keywords: avian, fracture assessment, orthopedic surgery, osteosynthesis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 257-265 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/5/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202106-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:5-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Nowicki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J Jaworska Author-Workplace-Name: Embryo Biology Team, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: W Baranski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Leech therapy in the treatment of a penile haematoma in a stallion Abstract: Treatment of penile haematomas includes conventional therapy and/or surgical intervention which may not always result in the recovery of all penile functions. For valuable breeding stallions, a safe and effective treatment is necessary and medical leech therapy meets these criteria. Additionally, the proven efficiency and safety of the use of leeches in the resolution of haematomas makes this method applicable to other fields of veterinary medicine. A 14-year-old stallion was presented and assigned to the university hospital with a swollen and prolapsed penis. The owner reported that the stallion was likely kicked in the penis while mating. There were no deviations in the physiological indicators during the general examination. A drainage was inserted and a compression bandage was applied. After an initial slight subsidence of the oedema, the healing process slowed down. Hence, the experimental leech treatment was applied. The hirudotherapy was performed twice, five days apart. The hirudotherapy proved to be safe and effective, and with the addition of hydrotherapy, anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics, resulted in the full recovery of the horse within 45 days. The erectile functions of the penis were restored and the stallion successfully continued its breeding career. Keywords: Hirudo officinalis, hirudin, prepuce, penis, reproductive disorder, paraphimosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 266-271 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/163/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/163/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202106-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:163-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Trovatelli Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy Author-Name: G Sala Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy Author-Name: S Romussi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy Author-Name: A Boccardo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy Title: An oesophageal benign stricture: Endoscopy treatment limitation and surgical management in a heifer Abstract: A 4-month-old female red Holstein Friesian heifer was referred with intermittent meteorism and regurgitation associated with poor weight gain. The subject showed a fair physical condition with an increased respiratory rate, normal food prehension, mastication, and swallowing activity. The blood gas analysis showed mild respiratory acidosis. An oral gastric tube introduction followed by an endoscopy confirmed the provisional diagnosis of benign oesophageal stenosis. An endoscopic balloon and bouginage did not result in any stricture release, probably due to the degree of fibrosis of the stenotic ring. A surgical approach with a mucosectomy was performed, which restored the normal oesophageal function. Based on the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of a bovine oesophageal mucosectomy as a definitive surgical treatment for a stricture after the failure of both balloon dilation and a bougienage technique. Keywords: balloon dilation, calves, oesophageal mucosectomy, oesophageal stricture Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 272-277 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/93/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/93/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202106-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:93-2020-VETMED