Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: SB Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: HS Moon Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: YH Hwang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: HC Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JH Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Title: Percutaneous endoscopic limited-lumbosacral-dorsal laminectomy in eight dogs - A cadaveric study Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the technical feasibility of a percutaneous endoscopic limited-dorsal laminectomy (PELDL) and to evaluate if the decompression and examination of the lumbosacral vertebral canals could be achieved using an endoscope in small dogs. A total of eight fresh canine cadavers were used for the study. Following the injection of a barium and agarose mixture (BA-gel), which simulates intervertebral disc herniation, a PELDL was performed over L7-S1 in these animals. Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained pre- and postoperatively to evaluate the surgical outcomes. All the procedures were completed with a clear visualisation of the spinal cord and removal of the BA-gel. The mean surgery time for the PELDL was 30.00 ± 12.01 minutes. In two dogs, iatrogenic nerve root injuries were caused by the surgical instruments during the operation. The CT scans showed that the amount of BA-gel removed was sufficient for a spinal-cord decompression. A PELDL could be used for the BA-gel removal to decompress the spinal cord and provide a clear view of the spinal canal. Therefore, it could be used as an alternative surgical option to treat lumbosacral disc disease in dogs. Keywords: endoscopic laminectomy, lumbosacral disc disease, minimal inasive spinal surgery Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 279-286 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/33/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202107-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:7:id:33-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L Novak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Burova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L Stankova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Rado Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Changes in tracheal, oesophageal and rectal temperature over 60 minutes anaesthesia in non-heated dogs, spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated Abstract: The objective of this prospective randomised clinical study was to determine the differences in the tracheal, oesophageal and rectal temperature in spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated dogs. A total of thirty dogs were allocated to the SPO-group breathing spontaneously (n = 15) or the MEC-group ventilated mechanically (n = 15). Anaesthesia was established using a medetomidine-butorphanol-propofol-isoflurane combination. The tracheal (T-Tra), oesophageal (T-Oes), rectal (T-Rec), inspired gas (T-Gas), room (T-Room) temperatures, respiratory frequency (fR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (ETCO2) were measured after connecting to a re-breathing system (baseline) and subsequently in 10-minute intervals for 60 minutes. The data were analysed using ANOVA and Steel-Dwass tests (P < 0.05). In the SPO-group, the T-Tra, was significantly lower at T30, T40, T50, T60, the T-Oes and T-Rec at T40, T50, T60, compared to the baseline. In the MEC-group, the T-Tra and T-Oes was significantly lower at T30, T40, T50, T60, the T-Rec at T40, T50, T60, compared to the baseline. In the SPO-group, the fR was significantly lower for all the times and the ETCO2 higher at T10, T20, T30, T40, T50 compared to the MEC-group. No other differences were detected. During anaesthesia, there is a comparable decrease in body temperatures, regardless of whether the dogs are breathing spontaneously or ventilated mechanically. Keywords: anaesthesia, artificial ventilation, hypothermia, medetomidine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 287-291 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/229/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/229/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202107-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:7:id:229-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H Ziemak Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland Author-Name: H Frackowiak Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland Author-Name: M Zdun Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland Title: Domestic cat's internal carotid artery in ontogenesis Abstract: The aim of the study was to trace the presence of the internal carotid artery in the system of cerebral arteries of the domestic cat and to determine the role of this artery in supplying blood to the brain in ontogenesis. The available publications provide ambiguous or even contradictory information. The authors of some studies claim that there is no extracranial segment in the domestic cat's internal carotid artery. Other authors reported the internal carotid artery in the arterial pattern of the encephalon base. The study was conducted on sixty-one domestic cats: fifteen foetuses, sixteen juvenile cats, and thirty adult cats were analysed. The internal carotid artery - a vessel with a relatively large lumen - was fully preserved in all the foetuses and most of the juvenile animals. This artery was not complete with regard to the adults and some juvenile individuals, because it had lost the extracranial segment as a result of the obliteration process. A precise description of this area is not only of biological, but also of clinical, significance. The knowledge of the anatomical structure of cerebral vessels is particularly important to correctly interpret images obtained during diagnostic tests and to conduct surgical procedures correctly. Keywords: anatomy, brain arteries, brain supply, morphology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 292-297 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/116/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/116/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202107-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:7:id:116-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H Minarova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology & Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P Ondrackova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Palikova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology & Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Mares Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Blahova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K Jarova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology & Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Faldyna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Optimisation of phagocytosis assay in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Abstract: A phagocytosis assay is one of the most commonly used functional immunological methods. There are many possible ways of assessing leucocytes and their ability to ingest different particles. The aim of this study was to optimise the phagocytosis assay in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using labelled zymosan particles (Alexa Fluor 488 and Texas Red conjugate). Whole blood was incubated with the particles under different conditions and leucocytes were subsequently isolated by haemolysis in a hypotonic environment. The effect of the different incubation time, temperature, blood volume and dilution on the phagocytic activity was evaluated by flow cytometry. Our experiments showed that the incubation for at least 2 h at 15 °C provided optimal results, while the blood volume and dilution had no significant effect. The optimised assay will be used for the examination of fish health and in further experimental studies. Keywords: flow cytometry, haemolysis, ingestion, particle, zymosan Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 298-304 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/189/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/189/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202107-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:7:id:189-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O Gojska-Zygner Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Teodor, Warsaw, Poland Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Morskie Oko, Warsaw, Poland Author-Workplace-Name: 24h Veterinary Clinic Elwet, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: M Galanty Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: B Degorska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: J Frymus Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: W Zygner Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Title: Congenital gallbladder agenesis in a 9-month-old Bull Terrier Abstract: Congenital gallbladder agenesis is an extremely rare disorder, which has, to the best of our knowledge, only been reported in seventeen dogs (mainly in Japan). In almost all of these cases, gallbladder agenesis or hypoplasia was detected in small dogs. In this report, we present a case of gallbladder agenesis in a 9-month-old intact female Bull Terrier. The clinical signs included diarrhoea, sporadic vomiting, apathy and decreased appetite. The serum biochemistry revealed an increased liver enzyme activity, an increased concentration of serum bile acids and mild hyperbilirubinaemia. A diagnostic laparotomy demonstrated the lack of a gallbladder and dilation of the common bile duct, which was misinterpreted as the gallbladder in the ultrasonographic examination. The histological examination of the liver revealed degenerative changes in the hepatocytes with glycogen accumulation and some necrotic hepatocytes. The therapy included a low protein diet, fluids, silymarin and ursodeoxycholic acid. After nine weeks of therapy, the dog was in good condition, the diarrhoea and vomiting ceased, and the liver function parameters, such as the AST and GLDH activities, and the concentration of bile acids had decreased to reference intervals. Keywords: cholestasis, developmental disorder, liver, therapy, ursodeoxycholic acid Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 305-312 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/135/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/135/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202107-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:7:id:135-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: REM Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Applied Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory (LABMORFA), Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Vertebrate Morphophysiology Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center - CB, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil Author-Name: FLN Attademo Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: JS Galvincio Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, Equalis - Education and Higher Qualification, São Paulo-SP, Brazil Author-Name: ACB Freire Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: AS Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: JML Pires Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: LRP Lima Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: JMF Aguiar Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: AB Moreira Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: LIS Melo Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Name: SA Gavilan Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Vertebrate Morphophysiology Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center - CB, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil Author-Name: SA Lima Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Name: MA Lima Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Name: FJL Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Costa Branca Cetacean Project, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - PCCB-UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Center of Surveys and Environmental Monitoring - CEMAM, Areia Branca-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Vertebrate Morphophysiology Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center - CB, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte - UERN, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Author-Name: MF Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Applied Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory (LABMORFA), Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró-RN, Brazil Title: Successful rehabilitation of an oiled sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) affected by the biggest oil spill disaster in Brazil Abstract: The standardisation of protocols and discussion of therapeutic procedures in the rehabilitation of turtles affected by oil spills are necessary to optimise the recovery time and increase the chances of survival of these animals. This study aimed at reporting the processes adopted for the stabilisation, decontamination, rehabilitation and release of an oiled olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), rescued alive on September 23, 2019, at Santa Rita Beach, Extremoz municipality, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Its entire body was covered by oil. At first, the animal was mechanically dry cleaned using a gauze soaked in mineral oil in the keratinised regions (carapace and plastron) and a gauze soaked in vegetable oil was used on the oral, nasal, ocular, and cloacal mucous membranes. The second stage of the oil removal consisted of washing the animal with heated pressurised water (39 °C) and a neutral detergent using a soft foam sponge. The animal received treatment with antitoxins, antibiotics, analgesics, gastrointestinal protectors, and fluid therapy. After 7 days of treatment, the blood count showed that all the parameters were within the normal range. The oil cleaning process and the therapeutic protocol used in the rehabilitation of the olive ridley sea turtle were efficient. Keywords: Cheloniidae, contamination, crude oil, intoxication, Testudines Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 313-319 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/81/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/81/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202107-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:66:y:2021:i:7:id:81-2020-VETMED