Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Ozkaraca Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey Author-Name: S Ozdemir Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey Author-Name: S Comakli Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey Author-Name: MO Timurkan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey Title: Roles of apoptosis and autophagy in natural rabies infections Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of apoptosis and autophagy in animals (cows, horses, donkeys, dogs and cats) naturally infected with rabies by using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and qPCR. The mRNA transcript levels of caspase-3, Bax, Bcl2 and LC3B were determined with qPCR. Caspase-3 and AIF immunopositivity were not observed in the immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining, whereas LC3B immunopositivity was determined intensively in the infected animals compared to the control groups. LC3B immunopositivity was detected in the cytoplasm of the Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of the cows, horses and donkeys, and also in the cytoplasm of the neurons in the cornu ammonis of the dogs and cats. While the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax were downregulated, the Bcl2 expression was up-regulated in the infected animals compared to the uninfected animals. In addition, the LC3B levels were found to be significantly higher in the infected animals. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first report of neuronal death in the central nervous system by autophagy, rather than by caspase-dependent or AIF-containing caspase-independent apoptosis. Keywords: AIF, caspase-3, LC3B Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 1-12 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/221/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/221/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202201-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:221-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V Ukhovskyi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Epizootology, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: A Pyskun Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Immunological Research, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: L Korniienko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Epizootology, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: H Aliekseieva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Immunological Research, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: O Moroz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Epizootology, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: O Pyskun Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Organization of Scientific and International Work, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: G Kyivska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Organization of Scientific and International Work, State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: A Mezhenskyi Author-Workplace-Name: State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostic and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Kyiv, Ukraine Title: Serological prevalence of Leptospira serovars among pigs in Ukraine during the period of 2001-2019 Abstract: Leptospirosis is a widespread infection among pigs throughout the world. In most cases in Ukraine, only the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is used for the diagnosis of leptospirosis in animals. In general, during the period of 2001-2019, 2 381 163 samples of blood sera from swine were tested in our country and 85 338 positive reactions were received, which is 3.58% [binomial confidence intervals (BCI), 3.56-3.61%]. It was established that the serovars copenhageni - 33.91% (BCI, 33.59-34.23%), bratislava - 14.14% (BCI, 13.90-14.37%), pomona - 8.58% (BCI, 8.39-8.77%), and tarassovi - 7.12% (BCI, 6.95-7.30%) play a leading role in the aetiological structure of swine leptospirosis. A large number of positive reactions to several serovars was observed - 29.78% (BCI, 29.47-30.09%) of the total number of positive cases. In addition, the article presents data according to a retrospective analysis of the eight serovars circulating among pigs in Ukraine. Thus, during the nineteen year period, there was a decrease in the number of positive reactions to bratislava, pomona, and tarassovi and an increase in the number of positive reactions to copenhageni, polonica, and kabura. Mapping Ukraine's territory for leptospirosis among pigs was carried out. This allows one to identify zones with a risk of leptospirosis infections among swine. The maps show that the highest incidence rates were identified in the eastern and central parts of Ukraine. Keywords: etiological structure, GIS, leptospirosis, mapping, microscopic agglutination test, swine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 13-27 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/50/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/50/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202201-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:50-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Sikandar Author-Workplace-Name: Sub-campus, Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: H Zaneb Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: A Nasir Author-Workplace-Name: Sub-campus, Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: A Rehman Author-Workplace-Name: Sub-campus, Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: M Kashif Author-Workplace-Name: Sub-campus, Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: M Shah Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan Author-Name: Z Luqman Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan Author-Name: S Din Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: MF Iqbal Author-Workplace-Name: Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University (PMAS AAUR), Rawalpindi, Pakistan Author-Name: I Khan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan Author-Name: I Irshad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan Title: Effect of Bacillus subtilis on the microarchitectural development of the immune system in Salmonella-challenged broiler chickens Abstract: The effect of Bacillus subtilis on the immune responses and morphometry of the immune organs was evaluated in broilers challenged with S. gallinarum. For this purpose, Salmonella-free birds (n = 240) were split into four groups with six replicates of ten birds each. Groups included an NC (negative control, non-infected + non-medicated), a PC-S (positive control, Salmonella-infected + non-medicated), an AT-S (Salmonella-infected + medicated with enrofloxacin), and a BS-S (Salmonella-infected + B. subtilis (2.0 × 1010 cfu/g; 0.1 g/kg) group. On day 21, the thickness of the thymus cortex and medulla, germinal centre area of the spleen, bursal follicular length and bursal follicular area increased (P < 0.05) in the BS-S when compared to the NC and PC-S groups. On day 35, the BS-S group exhibited a higher (P < 0.05) antibody titre against the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and cortex of the thymus was thicker (P < 0.05) compared to the other groups. A decrease in the thymus medulla thickness, germinal area of the spleen and bursal follicular number were noted in the PC-S group when compared to the other treatment groups. In conclusion, the prophylactic use of B. subtilis type probiotics alleviated the stress resulting from a Salmonella gallinarum infection and improved the immune organs development and function in infected broilers. Keywords: histopathology, immunity, organs, poultry, probiotic, salmonellosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 28-37 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/231/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/231/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202201-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:231-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: GG Franco Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Author-Name: BW Minto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Author-Name: LP Coelho Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Author-Name: PF Malard Author-Workplace-Name: BioCell, Brasília, DF - Brazil Author-Name: ER Carvalho Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Author-Name: FYK Kawamoto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Author-Name: BM Alcantara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Author-Name: LGGG Dias Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP - Brazil Title: Autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hydroxyapatite for bone defect in rabbits Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effect of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AAD-MSC), with and without synthetic absorbable hydroxyapatite (HAP-91), on the bone regeneration in rabbits. Thirty-four female white New Zealand rabbits were submitted to a 10 mm distal diaphyseal radius ostectomy, divided into 3 experimental groups according to the treatment established. The bone gap was filled with 0.15 ml of a 0.9% saline solution containing two million AAD-MSC (G1), or AAD-MSC associated with HAP-91 (G2). The control group (CG) received only 0.15 ml of the 0.9% saline solution. Radiographs were made post-operatively, and after 15, 30, 45 and 90 days. Fifty percent of the samples were submitted to a histological examination at 45 days and the remaining ones at 90 days post-operatively. Radiographically, the periosteal reaction, bone callus volume and bone bridge quality were superior in G2 (P < 0.05). Histologically, the bone repair was faster and more efficient in G1 at 45 days (P < 0.05). In conclusion, AAD-MSC improved the regeneration on the experimentally induced bone defects in rabbits; however, the use of hydroxyapatite requires caution given the granulomatous reaction produced in the species. Keywords: adipose derived MSC, cell transplantation, fracture healing, Oryctolagus cuniculus Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 38-45 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/85/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/85/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202201-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:85-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Kazama Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: K Onda Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: S Arai Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: Y Shinozuka Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: K Kawai Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: K Kaneko Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: T Kondo Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Author-Name: K Yamada Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Title: A case report: Characteristic plain radiographic findings of a displaced abomasum in a heifer Abstract: A 9-month-old Holstein heifer with a history of severely poor growth presented with diarrhoea. On physical examination, a metallic pinging sound was heard on the simultaneous percussion and auscultation of the left trunk. On the cranial abdominal radiography, the contour of a gas-filled balloon-like abomasum wall was delineated, which elevated to the dorsal abdomen. Radiopaque sand at the bottom of the abomasum had been pulled up caudodorsally by the gas-filled abomasum. After surgery, the gas-filled balloon-like appearance of the abomasum wall disappeared and the radiopaque sand was located in the normal position. To our knowledge, no reports on a displaced abomasum on plain radiographs are available. The radiographic findings described herein are characteristic imaging findings of a displaced abomasum. Abdominal radiography could be a new option as an auxiliary diagnostic approach for a displaced abomasum. Keywords: cow, displacement of the abomasum, radiography Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 46-50 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/83/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/83/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202201-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:83-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Masucci Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: MT Capucchio Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Author-Name: R Buttitta Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Practitioner, Ambulatorio Veterinario Gagliardo, Bagheria (Palermo), Italy Author-Name: E Colombino Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Author-Name: SA Mignacca Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Practitioner, Enna, Italy Title: Congenital hydrocephalus in three sheep: Clinical, electroencephalographic and pathological features Abstract: The clinical, electroencephalographic and neuro-pathological features of three cases (cases 1, 2 and 3) of congenital hydrocephalus in sheep were described. The observed neurological signs reflected damage in the telencephalon and brain stem. The electroencephalogram performed in case 1 and case 2 showed different patterns: symmetric and synchronous high-voltage slow-activity in case 1, and low-voltage slow-activity in case 2. By the post-mortem examination, in all the animals, dilatation of the ventricular system, especially of the lateral ventricles, associated with a glial reaction surrounding the dilated ventricles was observed. Only in case 3, a monolateral meningeal thickening at the left cerebellopontine angle seemed to be responsible for the obstructive hydrocephalus. In the other two brains (case 1 and 2), no potential anatomical cause for the hydrocephalus were detected, even if, in case 2, a compensatory form was not excluded due to the moderate hypoplasia of the cerebrum and the presence of the non-suppurative inflammation. The results of this work provide a contribution to the EEG characterisation in ovine hydrocephalus cases; nevertheless further multidisciplinary studies of a larger number of sheep could permit to better characterise the EEG pattern in ovine hydrocephalus cases. Keywords: brain, electroencephalogram, malformation, neuropathology, sheep Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 51-58 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/8/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202201-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:8-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B Kempisty Author-Name: P Zawierucha Author-Name: S Ciesiolka Author-Name: H Piotrowska Author-Name: P Antosik Author-Name: D Bukowska Author-Name: M Jeseta Author-Name: M Nowicki Author-Name: KP Brussow Author-Name: M Zabel Title: Corrigendum: Developmental competence of mammalian oocytes-insights into molecular research and the promise of microfluidic technology: A review Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 59 Volume: 67 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/13961-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/13961-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:1:id:13961-VETMED