Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: EA Bauer Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland Title: Progressive trends on the application of artificial neural networks in animal sciences - A review Abstract: In recent years, artificial neural networks have become the subject of intensive research in a number of scientific areas. The high performance and operational speed of neural models open up a wide spectrum of applications in various areas of life sciences. Objectives pursued by many scientists, who use neural modelling in their research, focus - among others - on intensifying real-time calculations. This study shows the possibility of using Multilayer-Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) models of artificial neural networks for the future development of new methods for animal science. The process should be explained explicitly to make the MLP and RBF models more readily accepted by more researchers. This study describes and recommends certain models as well as uses forecasting methods, which are represented by the chosen neural network topologies, in particular MLP and RBF models for more successful operations in the field of animals sciences. Keywords: livestock animal science, machine learning, machine models Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 219-230 Volume: 67 Issue: 5 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/45/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/45/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202205-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:5:id:45-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B Guner Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey Author-Name: R Kulaksiz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey Author-Name: N Saat Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey Author-Name: I Kisadere Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey Author-Name: M Ozturkler Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey Author-Name: KY Dalginli Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Kars Vocational High School, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey Author-Name: SM Pancarci Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey Title: Effect of pre-synchronisation with progestogen and eCG on reproductive activity in synchronised ewes during anoestrous season Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of pre-synchronisation on the occurrence of the oestrus and pregnancy rate after fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) in synchronised ewes during the anoestrous season. Kivircik ewes (n = 84) were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups with (PRE; n = 42) or without (SYN; n = 42) pre-synchronisation. In the SYN group, the ewes were subjected to a 7-d short-term protocol (P4 insertion-6d-PGF2α-1d-P4 removal + eCG). In the PRE group, the same short-term protocol as in the SYN group was applied with 7 days apart for a pre-synchronised synchronisation protocol. A cervical FTAI was performed with fresh semen at 54 h after sponge removal. At the beginning of the synchronisation protocol, the oestrous response (66.7% vs. 0.0%) and cyclicity rates (64.3% vs. 14.3%) based on progesterone (P4) were higher in the PRE group compared to those in the SYN group, respectively (P < 0.01). However, the oestrous response after synchronisation was lower within 96 h (57.1% vs. 95.2%; P < 0.01) in the PRE group compared to that in the SYN group. Although the pregnancy rate after the FTAI was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the PRE group (14.3%) than the SYN group (35.7%), the overall pregnancy rate after natural mating was not different (95.2%) between the groups. In conclusion, the pre-synchronisation decreased the oestrous response leading to a lower pregnancy rate after the FTAI in the synchronised ewes during the anoestrous season. Thus, attention should be paid to two consecutive administrations of eCG in a pre-synchronisation and synchronisation protocol in ewes. Keywords: artificial insemination, pregnancy rate, progesterone, sheep Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 231-239 Volume: 67 Issue: 5 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/244/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/244/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202205-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:5:id:244-2020-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P Rauser Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H Nemeckova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Mrazova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Vaclavikova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L Novak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Influence of fentanyl, ketamine or lidocaine infusion on the intraocular pressure and pupil size in conscious dogs Abstract: Fifty-five healthy conscious dogs were included in a prospective randomised double-blinded clinical study. The dogs allocated to one of four groups received intravenous bolus followed by infusion of fentanyl (FEN-group), or ketamine (KET-group), or lidocaine (LID-group), or saline (SAL-group). The intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil size (PS), heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured prior to and at 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min after initiation of the drug administration. The data were analysed using an analysis of variance and the Steel-Dwass test. No significant difference in the IOP within or between the groups was detected. In the FEN-group, the PS decreased significantly at all the measured times. In the KET-group, the PS increased significantly at 2, 5 and 10 minutes. The PS was significantly smaller in the FEN-group compared to the KET-group at 2, 5, 10 and 20 min, compared to the SAL-group at 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes. In the FEN-group the HR significantly decreased compared to the baseline and was significantly lower compared to the KET-group and LID-group. Fentanyl, ketamine or lidocaine administered at the doses studied as a bolus followed by a 30-min infusion seem to cause no effect on the IOP in healthy conscious non-painful dogs without ocular abnormalities. Fentanyl decreased and ketamine transiently increased the PS. Keywords: analgesics, canine, eye, pain, tonometry Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 240-244 Volume: 67 Issue: 5 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/79/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/79/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202205-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:5:id:79-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: CS Bae Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: T Ahn Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Title: Albumin infusion ameliorates liver injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Abstract: We investigated the effect of an albumin infusion on the enzyme activity, expression level of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), and oxidative stress in the serum and liver of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The STZ treatment enhanced the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in the rat serum compared with those in the untreated rats. Treatment with STZ elevated the expression and catalytic activity of CYP2E1, and the oxidative stress, and decreased the reducing potentials in the liver, suggesting the possibility of diabetes-induced liver injury. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the serum albumin decreased in the diabetic rats. In contrast, the administration of purified albumin from the intact rats to the diabetic rats restored these deleterious liver indices in an albumin concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that an exogenous albumin infusion alleviates liver damage induced by type 1 diabetes. Keywords: cytochrome P450 2E1, diabetes, oxidative stress Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 245-256 Volume: 67 Issue: 5 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/14/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202205-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:5:id:14-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z Filipejova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: CF Agudelo Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: B Koskova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Sterbova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Paninarova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Crha Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Title: Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the heart base in a dog: A case report Abstract: A case of a nine-year-old, intact female, American Bulldog with a heart mass is described. Echocardiography was used to identify this pathological lesion. Part of the mass and pericardial sac were surgically removed for histopathological examination. A final diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma was diagnosed by necropsy and histopathology. To the author's knowledge, there is very limited information in the literature about this pathology. Keywords: cardiac tumour, echocardiography, heart, histopathology, immunohistochemistry Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 257-262 Volume: 67 Issue: 5 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/17/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/17/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202205-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:5:id:17-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Oliveri Author-Workplace-Name: GWANA VET, Exotic Animal Hospital, Madrid, Spain Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: CF Agudelo Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E Cermakova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z Knotkova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P Krizova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A Luciani Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: Z Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Congestive heart failure in a veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus): A case report Abstract: A two-year-old male veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) was referred for a gular oedema and bilateral blepharoedema. The echocardiography revealed a ventricular hypertrophy, pericardial effusion, and valvular regurgitation of the right atrioventricular valve. Treatment with hydrochlorothiazide, enalapril, and carvedilol was commenced. Within 3 weeks of treatment, the valvular regurgitation was noticeably decreased. In the 4th week of treatment, the echocardiography revealed a reduction in the myocardium hypertrophy. After an additional month of home treatment, the patient was presented with anorexia and decreased activity. Despite the supportive care, the patient died. The histopathology revealed mild to moderate fibrosis of the epicardium. Moderate to severe fibrosis, degeneration of the myofibrils, fatty atrophy, interstitial oedema and mild calcification was seen in the atria. The tunica intima, media and adventitia of the major cardiac vessels were moderately fibrotic, swollen and interfused by myxoedema. The kidney histopathology revealed moderate sclerosis and atrophy of the glomeruli, vacuolation of the tubular epithelium, fibrosis, and infiltration of the leucocytes in the interstitium. The therapeutic protocol with hydrochlorothiazide, ACE inhibitor enalapril and β-blocker carvedilol reduced the myocardium hypertrophy and the valvular regurgitation; however, the prolonged use of diuretics jeopardized the renal function in our patient. Frequent blood analyses are necessary using diuretics in reptile patients. Keywords: ace inhibitors, β, -blockers, diuretics, echocardiography, reptile cardiology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 263-269 Volume: 67 Issue: 5 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/67/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/67/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202205-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:5:id:67-2021-VETMED