Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P Islas-Fabila Author-Workplace-Name: Doctoral Program in Biological Sciences and Health, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México City, México Author-Name: H Orozco-Gregorio Author-Workplace-Name: Private Professional Practice, México City, México Author-Name: P Roldan-Santiago Author-Workplace-Name: Reproduction Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México Author-Name: M Waytula Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad del Valle de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México Author-Name: M Gonzalez-Hernandez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México Author-Name: X Vega- Manriquez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México Author-Name: CA Jimenez-Collado Author-Workplace-Name: General Director of Laboratorios Manuell S.A., Morelos, México City, México Author-Name: H Bonilla-Jaime Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México City, México Title: Treatments and therapeutic protocols for the recovery of an asphyxiated new-born: A review of pre-clinical and clinical studies in human neonates and in different animal models Abstract: The objective of this review is to ascertain the advantages and disadvantages of several treatments and therapeutic protocols that have been used for the prevention and treatment of perinatal asphyxia in human neonates and in different animal models. Perinatal asphyxia is one of the main causes of mortality worldwide and is an important factor in triggering physio-metabolic disorders that result in serious neurological consequences and learning disorders not only in human foetuses and neonates, but also in animals. In recent years, the search for new pharmacological protocols to prevent and reverse physio-metabolic disorders and brain damage derived from perinatal asphyxia has been and continues to be the subject of intense research. Currently, within these pharmacological protocols, therapeutic strategies have been evaluated that use respiratory and hormonal stimulants, as well as hypothermic therapies in combination with other putative neuroprotective agents. Similarly, energy supplements have been evaluated with the objective of preventing perinatal asphyxia and treating new-borns with this condition, and to decrease the incidence of neonatal and foetal deaths associated with it. However, despite these promising advances, this pathology has persisted, since the administration of these therapies in low doses may not exert a neuroprotective effect or, in high doses, can trigger adverse effects (such as reduced cardiac contractility, reduced cerebral blood flow, poor perfusion, sympathetic and neuroendocrine stimulation, and increased blood viscosity) in human foetuses and neonates as well as in different animal models (rats, piglets, sheep and rabbits). Therefore, it is important to determine the minimum effective dose with which these therapies exert a neuroprotective effect, as well as the mode of administration, the duration of therapy, etc. Therefore, until a powerful strategy is found to improve the consequences of suffocation, this topic will continue to be the subject of intensive research in the future. Keywords: hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal mortality, perinatal asphyxia Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 271-297 Volume: 67 Issue: 6 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/43/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/43/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202206-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:6:id:43-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M- YI Mohamed Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab of Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates Author-Name: J Abu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: S Abdul Aziz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Z Zakaria Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: AR Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Public Health and Medicine, Penang Medical College, George Town, Penang, Malaysia Author-Name: I Habib Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab of Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates Title: Occurrence of antibiotic resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages, Kedah, Malaysia Abstract: Foodborne pathogens have become a major concern not only due to the diseases they cause, but also because of the rise of antibiotic resistant strains in human and animals. The purposes of this study were to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli and their antibiotic resistance profiles in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages in Malaysia. Three Malay villages in Kota Setar, Kedah were chosen. Three hundred nine (309) samples were collected in this study including wild birds (38), chickens (71), humans (47), and the environment (153). Subsequently, the C. jejuni and E coli isolates were tested against antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Campylobacter jejuni was found positive in 17 (37.8%) flies and 8 (11.3%) chickens. Also, E. coli was found positive in 89.4% of human, 47.4% of bird, 44 62% of chicken and in 71.2% of the environmental samples. Ten antibiotics were used to determine the susceptibility of the isolates. Eighty four percent (84%) of C. jejuni and 100% of E. coli isolates were found to show resistance towards at least one antibiotic. The isolates showed high resistance to cefpodoxime and tetracycline. Keywords: biochemical tests, faeces, flies, identification, PCR assay, soil, water Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 298-308 Volume: 67 Issue: 6 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/102/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/102/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202206-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:6:id:102-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: SE Onel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey Author-Name: T Aksu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey Author-Name: K Kara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Author-Name: DS Aksu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey Title: The effect of Origanum syriacum L. extract and carvacrol on the in vitro digestion, estimated digestion values, ammonia and organic acid concentrations in the fermentation fluid of lucerne herbage Abstract: The effects induced by medicinal aromatic plants in biological systems vary with the type and amount of bioactive substances these plants contain. Whether the purified form of the main chemical components of these plants, such as carvacrol and thymol, or plant volatile oils containing tens of bioactive compounds are more effective remains a question of debate. This study was aimed at providing a comparative assessment of the effects of Origanum syriacum L. (wild mountain thyme) volatile oil (OSVO) and one of its main components, carvacrol (CRV), on the in vitro ruminal degradability of lucerne herbage and methane production during the degradation of lucerne. For this purpose, wild thyme was harvested at the beginning of the flowering period, and the OSVO was extracted from the plant by steam distillation. Gas production assays were performed in five groups of ruminal fluid samples, one of which was maintained for control purposes, and the other four 40/60/80 mg/l of OSVO and 60 mg/l of CRV were added. Compared to the control group, in the samples with the added CRV and OSVO, the amounts of in vitro total gas and methane production were observed to have been affected, but no decrease was detected in the ruminal protozoa counts. The level of ammonia nitrogen was lowest in the groups, in which CRV and 40 mg/l of OSVO (P < 0.01) were added. The ruminal protozoa counts were not affected by the addition of CRV and OSVO. While the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and propionic acid (PA) concentrations in the in vitro fermentation fluid of lucerne herbage were low in all the groups, butyric acid was detected at a level of 40 mg/l in the group where CRV was added. The OSVO was ascertained to have induced dose-dependent alterations in the investigated in vitro digestion parameters. In result, CRV (60 mg/l) and OSVO (40 mg/l) were determined to have shown a relatively positive effect on the in vitro ruminal gas production. The anti-methanogenic effect of the plant extracts was due to the decreased digestibility of the lucerne herbage. This can have a positive impact on the environment, but the same cannot be said for the animal nutrient use and animal performance. Keywords: carvacrol, in vitro gas production, methane, thyme, volatile oil Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 309-315 Volume: 67 Issue: 6 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/35/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/35/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202206-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:6:id:35-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C Istim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: M Arican Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey Title: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in dogs with tibial fractures Abstract: The aim of this study was a clinical and radiographic evaluation of the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) method for treatment in dogs with tibial fractures. Ten dogs of different breeds, ages, and sex with tibial fractures were used as the subjects. A medial approach to the tibia was used in all the cases. The tibial tuberosity was palpated proximally and a short incision was made along the midline. After reduction of the fracture, proximal and distal insertion incisions were made to approach the tibia. The mean times for the MIPO operations were 21 minutes. The patients were able to stand and walk postoperatively on the first day and recovery was rapid for all of the dogs. The fracture healing was completed on day 45 based on the radiographic evaluations of these cases. Dogs with tibia fractures treated by MIPO healed rapidly without any complications (90%). Correct fracture selection is important for the use of MIPO to be successful. Further studies with a larger group of dogs should be considered to compare the efficacy of MIPO and other fixation techniques and for the long-term evaluation of the repaired tibial fractures. Keywords: callus evaluation, lameness scoring, pain scoring Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 316-322 Volume: 67 Issue: 6 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/42/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/42/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202206-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:6:id:42-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: JH Song Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: SY Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Centrum Animal Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JH Moon Author-Workplace-Name: Centrum Animal Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: DI Jung Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Title: Successful management of suspected minoxidil toxicosis in a cat following accidental dermal exposure Abstract: Minoxidil was originally introduced as a potent vasodilator, but is now widely used as a topical treatment for human alopecia. A 4-year-old neutered male Norwegian Forest cat presented with a 2-day history of anorexia, lethargy, and dyspnoea. A physical examination revealed hypothermia, tachypnoea, hypotension, and bilateral pulmonary crackles. The radiographs revealed pulmonary oedema and pleural effusions. The hypotension and pleural effusions exacerbated despite the supportive therapy, and the underlying cause remained undetermined. A further medical inquiry revealed the cat had been exposed to a topical minoxidil solution 3 days before admission. Accordingly, minoxidil toxicosis was managed using both i.v. fluids and vasopressors. Dopamine and norepinephrine were infused for 3 days to normalise the patient's blood pressure and related clinical signs. The cat recovered fully and was discharged 6 days after the minoxidil exposure. This is the first report on the successful management of minoxidil toxicosis in a cat. To broaden our knowledge of minoxidil toxicosis in cats, we have also described the serial changes in the clinical findings of this cat over the treatment period. Furthermore, on the basis of the experience gained from this case, we suggest an optimised management plan for future cases of feline minoxidil toxicosis. Keywords: dopamine, echocardiography, norepinephrine, radiography, ultrasonography Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 323-329 Volume: 67 Issue: 6 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/105/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/105/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202206-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:6:id:105-2020-VETMED