Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E Baranyiova Title: Obituary - Prof. MVDr. Karel Hruška, CSc. Abstract: With the passing of Professor MVDr. Karel Hruška, CSc., on March 24, 2022, the Czech veterinary community has lost an outstanding figure in basic and applied veterinary research. His remarkable legacy also includes bringing the discipline into the computer era as well as enduring contributions as an educator and editor. Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 331-333 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/35/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/35/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:35-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Deniz Author-Workplace-Name: Free Researcher - Biochemist, Nisbetiye Mah. Beşiktaş, İstanbul, Turkey Author-Name: K Aksoy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mugla Sitki Koçman, Kötekli, Mugla, Turkey Title: Use of organic phosphorous butafosfan and vitamin B12 combination in transition dairy cows Abstract: Phosphorus is critical for life and an indispensable element for biologically occurring organic molecules such as DNA, ATP, and phosphoproteomes. Butafosfan is a synthetically produced organic phosphorous (phosphonic acid) compound that contains 17.3% phosphorus. It does not belong to the group of biologically occurring organic phosphorous compounds. Butafosfan has been used in many animal species as a metabolic stimulant interfering with energy metabolism. Vitamin B12 (VB12) is a unique cobalt-containing vitamin. It functions as a cofactor for the enzymes methionine synthase and methyl-malonyl-CoA mutase. It is necessary for the conversion of propionate into succinyl-CoA in ruminants. A combination of butafosfan and VB12 (iBC) has been available for veterinary use since 1958 and the first publication appeared in the 1970s in cows. However, the first molecular biological studies about its mode of action appeared in early 2000s. Recent studies revealed that iBC has significant effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Investigations between 1970 and 1994 focused mainly on cows at risk of metabolic and reproductive disease in the dry period. Studies as of 2000 investigated its efficacy for the prevention and treatment of subclinical and secondary ketosis, adjunctive/supportive therapy for displaced abomasum operation, milk fever, improvement of postoperative rumen activity, uterus involution, and mastitis in transition dairy cows. Keywords: butaphoshan, catosal, cattle, cyanocobalamin, metabolic diseases Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 334-353 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/56/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202207-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:56-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: GG Caldas Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil Author-Name: Barbosa DO da Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil Author-Name: D Barauna Junior Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University San Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil Title: Heat stroke in dogs: Literature review Abstract: Heat stroke is a clinical emergency secondary to a severe temperature increase due to the inefficiencies of heat dissipation mechanisms, causing central nervous system dysfunctions, which may lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Heat disturbances can be classified as "classic" or "exertional" ones and several predisposing factors are involved in their development. This review provides a broad approach to the pathophysiological mechanisms of this syndrome, and the diagnostic and treatment methods to facilitate their approach in clinical routine and increase the survival rate of patients. Keywords: cytotoxicity, hyperthermia, thermoregulation Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 354-364 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/144/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/144/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202207-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:144-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T Tsvetkov Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: N Petrova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: D Daskalova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Title: Addition of seminal plasma proteins effecting the in vitro kinetic properties of canine spermatozoa Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in the motility and kinetic patterns of canine spermatozoa, capacitated and decapacitated, after the addition of seminal plasma protein fractions with different molecular weight. It has been proposed that proteins in seminal plasma support the survival of the spermatozoa and exert a dual effect: capacitation and decapacitation. The seminal plasma from fresh ejaculates was subjected to chromatographic separation and four protein fractions were obtained. Computer-assisted sperm analysis was used to determine the sperm subpopulations with specific motion and kinetic characteristics after incubation with each of the four protein fractions. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of the fractions that exhibit a significant effect on the capacitation and decapacitation was performed. By sperm class analyser, capacitation changes were observed in the sperm subpopulation with a high curvilinear velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement incubated with the seminal plasma protein fraction with a high molecular weight, which was also reflected in the decreased linearity, straightness, and progressive motility. The sperm subpopulation incubated with the seminal plasma protein fraction with a low molecular weight seemed to undergo a process of decapacitation (decreasing of the curvilinear velocity, increasing of the linearity, straightness and showing progressive motility). Despite their ample panorama of actions, the role of seminal plasma proteins regarding capacitation and decapacitation is still undetermined. Keywords: capacitation, decapacitation, kinetics, motility Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 365-370 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/73/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/73/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202207-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:73-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J Kolarova Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: A Stara Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: E Zuskova Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Velisek Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Safety of the anthelminthic drugs levamisole, fenbendazole, and ivermectin administered in therapeutic baths for the common carp Cyprinus carpio Abstract: Due to the safe "off label" use of selected antiparasitic drugs in fish, we assessed the effects of a therapeutic bath with levamisole (50 mg/l), fenbendazole (25 mg/l), and ivermectin (0.031 mg/l) on the haematological and biochemical blood indices, oxidative and antioxidant variables, and gill histology of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Levamisole did not affect the haematological profile, but significantly increased (P < 0.01) the plasma glucose, lactate, and ammonia concentrations, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase activities, TBARS (muscle, liver), total superoxide dismutase activity (muscle), and catalase activity (liver) and significantly decreased (P < 0.01) plasma aspartate aminotransferase and glutathione reductase activity (gill, liver, muscle). Ivermectin led to a significantly (P < 0.01) greater muscle total superoxide dismutase activity compared to the controls, whereas the haematological and biochemical indices remained unchanged. On the other hand, fenbendazole did not affect the haematological or biochemical indices, and the oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant indices did not differ from the controls. The bath in FBZ can be recommended for safe antiparasitic treatment in carp. Keywords: blood biochemistry, haematology, histology, oxidative stress Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 371-378 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/146/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/146/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202207-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:146-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Hristova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Author-Name: O Tasinov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Author-Name: M Tzaneva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Author-Name: D Chivchibashi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Author-Name: Y Kiselova-Kaneva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Author-Name: G Bekyarova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Title: Effect of melatonin on the gastric antioxidant defence in experimental burn trauma Abstract: Severe burn trauma triggers oxidative gastric mucosal injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant defence mechanisms and protective effect of melatonin in the gastric mucosa after burn injury. In order to investigate the mechanisms involved in the gastric antioxidant defence in a rat burn model, quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry techniques were applied. An analysis of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (Cat) gene expression was performed along with the evaluation of the gastric Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) activity. Melatonin was applied immediately and 12 h after 30% of total body surface area burns. The burn injury significantly increased the Gpx4 mRNA (P < 0.000 1) and Gsr mRNA (P < 0.000 1) expression. It also had a slight positive effect on the Cat mRNA expression and Cu/Zn SOD activity. Melatonin, in turn, markedly augmented the burn-induced Cu/Zn SOD (P < 0.000 1) activity, reversed the Gpx4 mRNA (P < 0.000 1) and Gsr mRNA (P < 0.000 1) expression, and inhibited the Cat mRNA level. In conclusion, the present study suggests that a burn injury adaptively increases the Cu/Zn SOD activity and enhances the Gpx4 and Gsr gene expression in the gastric mucosa. Melatonin effectively modulates the expression of the cellular antioxidant enzymes, and improves the antioxidant defence by augmenting the Cu/Zn SOD activity. Keywords: gastric mucosa, oxidative stress, thermal injury Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 379-386 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/109/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202207-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:109-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C Seiler Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of General Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hannover, Germany Author-Name: M Luepke Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of General Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hannover, Germany Author-Name: JP Bach Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hannover, Germany Author-Name: H Seifert Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of General Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hannover, Germany Title: Preparation of artificial vascularised tissue and the indirect determination of its void volume using µCT Abstract: The non-invasive determination of the vasculature volume would be very useful in many fields of medicine such as oncology and implantation. The purpose of this research was, therefore, to develop a methodology to investigate vascularisation in phantoms using microcomputed tomography (μCT) without having to visualise the single vessels. Epoxy resin and cotton candy were used to form the phantoms with microchannels. The size of the channels was measured via microscopy and the proportion of the void volume (PVV) was calculated. The phantoms were placed in contrast agent solutions of different concentrations and scanned in μCT. The mean CT numbers of the phantoms were calculated with the Amira software and displayed as a function of the determined PVV and the contrast agent concentration (CAC). The fabricated microchannels had the size of biological capillaries (diameter: 5 µm to 15 µm) and the phantoms showed a microchannel density of 5 to15 microchannels per mm2. With an increasing CAC, the CT numbers increased significantly. Additionally, the phantoms with a higher PVV also had a higher CT number. The CT numbers and the PVV correlated moderately together, but significantly. The slope of the regression line increased with an increasing CAC. Keywords: capillary phantoms, contrast enhanced, epoxy resin, imaging Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 387-394 Volume: 67 Issue: 7 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/100/2020-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2020-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202207-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:67:y:2022:i:7:id:100-2020-VETMED