Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S Kumar Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil Author-Name: MS Chaves Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil Author-Name: AFB da Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil Author-Name: WG Vale Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil Author-Name: STR Filho Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Reproduction Sector, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil Author-Name: JC Ferreira-Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Reproduction Sector, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil Author-Name: LM Melo Author-Workplace-Name: Molecular Genetics Research Unit, University Center Fametro, Fortaleza, Brazil Author-Name: VJF Freita Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil Title: Factors affecting the in vitro embryo production in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): A review Abstract: Under natural and well-managed conditions, the buffalo has good reproductive and productive indices. However, in vitro embryo production (IVEP) has been used commercially to maximise the number of elite animals. In this species, several factors (donor management, in vitro culture medium, semen, in vitro conditions, embryo transfer) still affect the IVEP results. In addition, the cost of this technique is very high for this purpose. Therefore, more studies, as well as adequate plans, are needed to achieve this objective efficiently. In this review, we discussed the current commercial status, influencing factors (in vivo and in vitro), and the progress and future challenges of IVEP in buffalo. A total of 81 references were used from 1979 to 2022. The relevant data or literature were searched using the following databases: Google, ResearchGate, Science Alert, Science Direct and PubMed, using the following keywords: buffalo oocytes/COCs, buffalo embryos, pregnancy and calving or live birth rate after embryo transfer. The best maturation, cleavage and blastocyst rates in the in vitro production of buffalo embryos were 95.8, 75.2 and 33.4%, respectively. The pregnancy and live birth rates ranged from 22.2% to 43.5% and from 15.3% to 36.5%, respectively, after the transfer of fresh embryos produced in vitro to the recipients. This review will help to contextualise IVEP in buffaloes, as well as create an adequate plan for implementing IVEP in buffaloes. Keywords: calving rate, embryo transfer, IVEP, oocytes, OPU, pregnancy rate Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 45-56 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/48/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:48-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V Erjavec Author-Name: A Nemec Svete Title: Thrombocytosis in brachycephalic dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome Abstract: Brachycephalic dogs are prone to a conformation-related respiratory disorder known as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Due to its systemic consequences, BOAS should be considered a systemic disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and plateletcrit (PCT) in patients with various grades of BOAS and non-brachycephalic dogs. The latter served as a control group. We included 106 patients with BOAS and 41 non-brachycephalic dogs. According to the severity of the disease, BOAS patients were classified into grade 1 (17 dogs), grade 2 (42 dogs), and grade 3 (47 dogs). Thrombocytosis was found in 46% (46/106) of all BOAS patients. High platelet mass was found in 62% (66/106) of all BOAS patients. We found significantly (P < 0.05) higher PLT, MPV, and PCT in BOAS patients of all grades compared to non-brachycephalic dogs. Our results suggest that platelets may play an important role in BOAS. Our results suggest that platelets may play an important role in BOAS. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of PLT and platelet indices in BOAS and their relationship with inflammation and hypercoagulability. Keywords: brachycephaly, haematology, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, platelets Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 57-61 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/23/2021-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/23/2021-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:23-2021-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V Ozavci Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye Author-Name: HTY Dolgun Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye Author-Name: S Kirkan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye Title: Presence of zoonotic black-pigmented periodontal pathogens in the oral microbiota of pet and stray cats Abstract: Black-pigmented bacteria are one of the neglected species to cause periodontal disease in cats, and they are also zoonotic agents that pose an infection risk to humans. In this study, we aimed to determine the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas gulae and Prevotella nigrescens in the oral microbiota of pet and stray cats. Dental swab samples were taken from 25 pet cats and 25 stray cats with symptoms of periodontal disease and then investigated by multiplex polymerase chain reaction using 16S rRNA species-specific primers. As a result of the multiplex PCR analysis, P. gingivalis 3/25 (12%), P. nigrescens 1/25 (4%), P. gingivalis + P. gulae 7/25 (28%), P. gingivalis + P. nigrescens 1/25 (4%), P. gulae + P. nigrescens 1/25 (4%), and P. gingivalis + P. gulae + P. nigrescens 2/25 (8%) were molecularly typed in the pet cats. In addition, 1/25 (4%) of P. gulae and 21/25 (84%) of P. gingivalis + P. gulae were typed in the stray cats. In 10/25 (40%) pet and 3/25 (12%) stray cat samples, no bacteria were detected by molecular typing. In summary, the results provide strong evidence that black-pigmented zoonotic pathogens are associated with cat periodontal disease. Keywords: PCR, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas gulae, Prevotella nigrescens Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 62-68 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/59/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/59/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:59-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L Vrbasova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic Author-Name: D Molinkova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Author-Name: P Linhart Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, VETUNI Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic Title: Verification of accuracy of qPCR method for intravital diagnostics of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in avian droppings Abstract: The objective of this study was to verify the accuracy of the quantitative PCR (qPCR) method for in vivo detection of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster. A total of 100 faecal and gastric mucosa samples from avian cadavers were investigated, using cytological and qPCR techniques (budgerigars, Fischer's lovebirds, red-crowned parakeets, scarlet-chested parrots, eastern rosellas, domestic canaries, zebra finches, white Java sparrow). Using qPCR, the probability of detecting positive samples of droppings was significantly higher than in the faecal smear microscopy (P < 0.01). Cytology detected the presence of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in 34 faecal samples, whereas qPCR detected 54 positive samples. In all 46 qPCR negative faecal samples, gastric smear qPCR was performed and also yielded negative results. Gastric smear qPCR was also performed in 20 cadavers where faecal qPCR has detected the presence of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster and in all samples confirmed the positive result. This verifies the accuracy of faecal sample qPCR for intravital diagnostics. Overall, the faecal qPCR technique appears to be extremely reliable, as it made it possible to detect all infected individuals, including those with negative stool or gastric cytology. Keywords: cytology, macrorhabdosis, passerines, psittacines Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 69-74 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/85/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/85/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:85-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Oliveri Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: C Carnabuci Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: M Vignoli Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: S Di Feliciantonio Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: M Di Feliciantonio Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: L Della Salda Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: Z Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M di Tommaso Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Author-Name: A Luciani Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Teaching Veterinary Hospital, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Title: Echocardiographic measurements and cardiac anatomy in healthy Western hognose snakes (Heterodon nasicus) Abstract: This study aims to describe the most important cardiac structures in the Heterodon nasicus through echocardiography and anatomical dissection. Echocardiographic and echo-Doppler measurements were performed on twenty healthy adult Heterodon nasicus (10.10). The values of the ventricular length, aortic diameter, pulmonary trunk diameter, the mean thickness of the interventricular septum, and thicknesses of the wall of the cavum pulmonale (Cav. P) and cavum arteriosum (Cav. A), were measured. The aortic flow and pulmonary trunk flow were recorded. Two dead specimens (1.1) were dissected. The male's pulmonary trunk diameter was bigger compared to the female's in both the long and short axis. The reproductive ecology of Heterodon nasicus has yet to be fully elucidated upon, however, male territorialism and dispersal from the hibernacula, and multiple male courtships toward a single female were described, hence, the more active reproductive activity of the male and the consequent sexual selection toward a higher aerobic performance can be hypothesised. A moderate interventricular right to left shunt was noticed in the Cav. V of all the specimens, which is considered normal and should not confuse the clinician. Congenital defects, cardiomyopathies, valvulopathies, and pericardial diseases are known to occur in ophidians and other reptiles. Reliable data and profound knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the ophidian heart are fundamental for the in vivo diagnosis of cardiac diseases in snakes. Keywords: 2D mode, cardiology, doppler, echo Doppler, heart, M-mode, physiology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 75-82 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/63/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/63/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202302-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:63-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L Choi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JY Choi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: HY Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K Bae Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: KA Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: JH Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Title: Adjuvant therapy with toceranib for hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma in a Pomeranian Abstract: A 10-year-old spayed female Pomeranian dog was referred for hepatic mass evaluation. Blood tests revealed mildly elevated alkaline phosphatase activities. Computed tomography revealed a mass with multiple nodules on the right hepatic medial lobe adjacent to the caudal vena cava; histopathology confirmed mixed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Because of incomplete resection, adjuvant therapy was recommended. As tumour cells showed PDGFR-α, c-Kit, and FGFR1 overexpression, the anticancer effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors was evaluated on the cells; toceranib was the most effective and was administered starting with an extra-labelled dose. The dog remained stable for 2.3 years with mild adverse effects. To our knowledge, this is the first successful clinical application of toceranib in a dog with mixed HCC-CC. Keywords: anticancer effect, biliary carcinoma, canine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 83-89 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/49/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202302-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:49-2022-VETMED