Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B Rochat Author-Workplace-Name: Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Education and Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Author-Name: E Paus Author-Workplace-Name: Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Author-Workplace-Name: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Author-Name: C Maitre Author-Workplace-Name: Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Author-Workplace-Name: PharmaciePlus Franches-Montagnes, Saignelégier, Switzerland Author-Name: P Baumann Author-Workplace-Name: Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Title: Citalopram in vitro metabolism in a beagle dog: A role for CYP2D15 in the production of toxic didesmethylcitalopram? Abstract: After administration of the serotonergic antidepressant citalopram (CIT) to beagle dogs, they may experience severe convulsive attacks in relation with considerably higher plasma concentrations of the metabolite didesmethyl-CIT (DDCIT), when compared to those in humans medicated with CIT. This pilot study aimed at determining the role of cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) isozymes in the in vitro metabolism of CIT to desmethyl-CIT (DCIT), and of DCIT to DDCIT in the liver microsomes of a single beagle dog. The incubations with racemic CIT or DCIT reveal a high affinity enzyme with Km between 0.3 µM and 1.4 µM for S- and R-DCIT and S- and R-DDCIT productions, respectively. In comparison to human enzymes, the intrinsic clearance values of this high affinity enzyme are between 15 µL/(min x mg of protein) and 52 µL/(min x mg of protein), i.e. very high. In vitro experiments with inhibitors suggest that CYP2D15, which shows analogy with human CYP2D6, is by far the main CYP450 isozyme involved in the production of DCIT and DDCIT whereas CYP3A12 and CYP2C21/41 showed a weak implication. These observations partly explain why in humans, plasma concentrations of the toxic DDCIT are considerably lower than those observed in dogs, after administration of CIT. Keywords: Cytochrome P-450, liver microsomes, stereoselectivity Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 135-144 Volume: 68 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/65/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/65/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202304-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:4:id:65-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Blahova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Jarkovsky Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A Zacharda Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S Hajkova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Vanhara Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Vasek Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Efficacy of the intranasal application of azaperone for sedation in weaned piglets Abstract: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of the intranasal and parenteral administration of azaperone in order to achieve pig sedation. A total of 32 weaned piglets divided into 4 groups (8 piglets in each group) were used. Group A was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with azaperone (Stresnil®, 40 mg/ml inj.; Elanco Animal Health) at a dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight (b.w.). Group B received a dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. of azaperone intranasally. Group C was given azaperone intranasally at a dose of 4 mg/kg b.w. Group D was given 1 ml of saline intranasally and served as the control group. The response to the defined stimulus (a blunt blow of a metal rod into a metal edge of a pen), the degree of salivation, movement level, body temperature and serum azaperone concentration were included in the trial. We found that in order to induce an adequate level of sedation comparable to the standard method of application, i.e., 2 mg/kg b.w. i.m., the intranasal administration of azaperone at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight is required. Keywords: behaviour, neuroleptic, pharmacodynamics, swine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 145-151 Volume: 68 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/21/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/21/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202304-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:4:id:21-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A Curukoglu Author-Workplace-Name: Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Yakin Dogu St, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkiye Author-Name: GCA Gungor Author-Workplace-Name: Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Yakin Dogu St, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkiye Author-Name: G Akan Author-Workplace-Name: DESAM Institute, Near East University, Yakin Dogu St, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkiye Author-Name: A Kukner Author-Workplace-Name: Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Yakin Dogu St, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkiye Author-Name: G Ogutcu Author-Workplace-Name: Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Yakin Dogu St, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkiye Author-Name: M Kalayc&# Author-Workplace-Name: Experimental Animal Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Yakin Dogu St, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkiye Author-Name: M Temizel Author-Name: FE Ozgencil Title: The effect of cold atmospheric plasma (NO) alone and in combination with NPH insulin on the full-thickness excisional wound healing in a diabetic rat model Abstract: This study was planned to investigate an alternative treatment modality in diabetic wound healing. In this experimental study, the efficacy of both cold atmospheric plasma/nitric oxide (NO) and NPH insulin ointment, recently known to have beneficial effects on wound healing, was investigated in diabetic wound healing. Twenty-four (24) diabetic rats were divided into four groups DC, DI, DNO and DINO (diabetic control, diabetic insulin, diabetic nitric oxide, diabetic insulin + nitric oxide groups). No treatment was applied to the DC group, NPH insulin was applied to the DI group, CAP/NO was applied to the DNO group, and CAP/NO + NPH insulin was applied to the DINO group once daily for 14 days. The wound area reduction and the wound contraction rate were calculated on the basis of the tissue sections taken, and histopathological and genetic analyses were carried out. Compared to the control group, exogenous NO gas was found to be a potent antibacterial agent in the diabetic wound healing, causing a reduction in the wound area (P = 0.034), an increased contraction rate (P = 0.021), epithelialisation (P = 0.02), collagen organisation (P = 0.006) and a reduction in the number of inflammatory cells (P = 0.002). A significant increase in the expression of IL-8 mRNA was observed (P = 0.026). It was concluded that NPH insulin alone contributes to wound healing, but it is not necessary to use it together with exogenous NO gas. Keywords: diabetic wound healing, insulin ointment, nitric oxide Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 152-163 Volume: 68 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/109/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202304-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:4:id:109-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Novotna Kruzikova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z Siroka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T Kral Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P Hliwa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichtyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: P Gomulka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichtyology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A Spodniewska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Z Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mercury distribution in the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) from the Krogulna ponds and Nysa Kłodzka River (Poland) Abstract: Mercury belongs among the highly hazardous substances present in the environment and represents a great health risk for many animals including predatory and piscivorous birds. The aim of this study was to assess the total mercury content in the main detoxifying organs (liver and kidney) and in the muscles of adult great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) caught at two localities (the Krogulna ponds and the Nysa Kłodzka River) in southern Poland. The aim was to compare the locality with the iron ore mining history (the Krogulna ponds) with a site without such load (the Nysa Kłodzka River). The total mercury content in the great cormorants decreases as follows: kidneys > liver > muscle in both monitored localities and significantly differs between the localities. The average mercury content varied from 0.58 ± 0.38 mg/kg (muscle) to 1.39 ± 1.42 mg/kg (kidney) in the cormorant from the Krogulna ponds and from 1.09 ± 0.40 mg/kg (muscle) to 3.12 ± 1.55 mg/kg (kidney) in the cormorant from the Nysa Kłodzka River. The accumulation of mercury does not correlate with the mining history as it was higher at the Nysa Kłodzka River, but it is probably influenced by the different fish stocks in these two localities (omnivorous fish in the Krogulna ponds versus predatory fish in the Nysa Kłodzka River). Keywords: heavy metal, kidney, liver, mining, muscle, piscivores Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 164-174 Volume: 68 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/16/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202304-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:4:id:16-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P Makovicky Author-Workplace-Name: Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, v. v. i., Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P Bolgac Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, Veterinary and Food Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M Makovicka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic Author-Name: K Kajo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z Krchnikova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary clinic - Animal Reproduction Centre, s.r.o., Budmerice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J Pokoradi Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary clinic - Animal Reproduction Centre, s.r.o., Budmerice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P Makovicky Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, J. Selye University, Komarno, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z Stanova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K Vaskova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K Rimarova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: Histopathology and indicators of borderline ovarian tumours with microinvasion in bitches Abstract: The authors present two cases of borderline ovarian tumours with microinvasion in bitches with variable clinical significance. The first case documents a four-year-old female Weimaraner diagnosed with a tumour on the right ovary during a veterinary check-up, using USG examination, which was then surgically removed. Histological examination revealed a clear cell borderline tumour of the ovary with microinvasion. The second case is represented by a necropsy sample from a 52-month-old female German shepherd which died a day before the planned hysterectomy due to undertreated pyometra. During necropsy, a developed form of bilateral ovarian tumour was found. An additional histological examination diagnosed a serous borderline tumour with microinvasion of both ovaries. This paper discusses the histopathological and clinical aspects involved in the prognosis of borderline ovarian tumours in bitches, This concerns the possibility of a change for a more aggressive form of the behaviour of these tumours and their immunohistochemical profile, then the risk of implant metastases and, finally, the time point of diagnosis, intervention and therapy. Even histologically verified well-differentiated forms of borderline ovarian tumours with microinvasion in bitches can show variable clinical significance and, therefore, in similar cases, only a good or only a bad prognosis of the disease should not be expected. Keywords: gynaecological diseases, implantation metastases, prognostic significance, veterinary pathology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 175-183 Volume: 68 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/103/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/103/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202304-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:4:id:103-2022-VETMED