Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Candela Andrade Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Human Anatomy, Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany Author-Name: I De Rus Aznar Author-Workplace-Name: Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital of Torrejón, Madrid, Spain; Shoulder and Knee Surgery Department, Olympia Quironsalud Hospital, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: M Brunnberg Author-Workplace-Name: Surgical Department, Small Animal Clinic, Tierarztpraxis Sörensen, Berlin, Germany Author-Name: P Slunsky Author-Workplace-Name: Surgical Department, Small Animal Hospital, Anicura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg, Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany Title: Indications for the removal of implants after fracture healing: A comparison between human and veterinary medicine Abstract: Indications for implant removal after fracture healing are still under debate in both human and veterinary medicine. Although hardware removal is a common procedure, it should not be undertaken lightly. Intra and post-operative complications are common and a thorough evaluation of the risks and benefits should be performed. This review aimed to collect and summarise published data on the indications for implant removal in small animals, compare the collected data with human and equine medicine, and investigate the existence of guidelines for this purpose. There is no international consensual agreement for implant removal after fracture healing, neither in small animals nor in human orthopaedics. Decision-making processes are still controversial in some scenarios, thus clear evidence-based protocols for implant removal are needed. Keywords: cat, dog, explants, hardware removal, horse, metal implant Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 259-270 Volume: 68 Issue: 7 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/52/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202307-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:7:id:52-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: SA Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: FA Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: S Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: I Ullah Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: A Shah Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: I Uddin Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center, Balogram, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: S Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center, Balogram, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: H Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: MN Uddin Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: F Akbar Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Author-Name: N Qayum Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan Title: Therapeutic potential of natural products and antibiotics against bovine mastitis pathogen of cows and buffaloes Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus associated with bovine mastitis to selected antibiotics and plant extracts. In the current study, 140 milk samples were collected from cows and buffaloes. Among the 140 samples, 93 samples were positive for sub-clinical mastitis based on the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Out of the total positive samples, 45 were confirmed for S. aureus on a Mannitol salt agar media. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that 44.82% of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin (oxacillin) confirming methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with a higher percentage (51.61%) in the buffalo than in the cow samples. Furthermore, the PCR assay confirmed the presence of the mecA gene in all the MRSA isolates. Among the seven tested antibiotics, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim showed high efficacy (71.1%) against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates (MSSA). Oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim showed 20% efficacy against MRSA followed by enrofloxacin (10%). On the other hand, the tested samples from Pistacia chinensis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of bark showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 21.3 mm against MSSA and MRSA isolates at 3 000 µg/disc. Moreover, the methanol extract of Cotoneaster microphyllus formed a 12.3 mm and 9.1 mm zone of inhibition against the MSSA and MRSA isolates, respectively. Keywords: antibacterial activity, Cotoneaster microphyllus, mecA gene, Pistacia chinensis, Staphylococcus aureus Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 271-280 Volume: 68 Issue: 7 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/80/2022-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/80/2022-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202307-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:7:id:80-2022-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K Mrazkova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J Konvalinova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I Bedanova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Reliability of using Wood's lamp by shelter personnel to diagnose Microsporum canis in cats Abstract: Optimising diagnostic methods in shelters so that they are as economical as possible for the shelter is especially important because shelters often have a significant lack of funds and so usually do not carry out preventive screening of cats. Dermatophyte fungi spread quickly and can infect shelter staff. The aim of our work was to identify the occurrence of Microsporum canis in shelter cats. It aimed to determine the prevalence of M. canis in cats at the selected shelter and compare the efficiency of detection using a Wood's lamp and culturing on Sabouraud's agar. All cats present in the shelter at the time of the study (n = 70) were examined with Wood's lamp and hair sampling followed by subsequent culturing on Sabouraud's agar. Identification of fungi was based on microscopic proof of macroconidia and microconidia. The prevalence of M. canis by diagnosis on Sabouraud's agar was 64.29% of cats, with the help of Wood's lamp 48.57% of cats showed positive fluorescence. The sensitivity of the Wood lamp examination was 71% and the specificity was 92%. Our study suggests that Wood's lamp could be used by trained shelter personnel for the first examination of cats at reception and could significantly reduce the risk of spreading M. canis in shelters. Keywords: culturing, dermatophyte, Sabouraud', s agar, skin disease Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 281-286 Volume: 68 Issue: 7 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/32/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/32/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202307-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:7:id:32-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E Cermakova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z Knotkova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D Boruvka Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of GnRH agonist (deslorelin) on reproductive activity in captive female veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) Abstract: Eighteen 5 months old veiled chameleon females (Chamaeleo calyptratus) were used in the study. Seven females received subcutaneous implants with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH) deslorelin acetate whereas eleven females were used as control animals without any implants. Females were kept in five terraria, in groups of four females (in 3 terraria) and groups of three females (in 2 terraria), respectively. A minimum of one female with GnRH implants was present in each terrarium. They were kept under standard husbandry conditions. Females of both groups (females with GnRH and controls, respectively) were monitored for three years. No differences between females with GnRH implants and females without GnRH implants were observed with respect to the presence of large ovarian follicles, number of eggs/female, or number of clutches/female. GnRH implants did not prevent spontaneous reproductive activity in any of the 7 females with implants. Ovariectomy was performed in 8 females (4 females with GnRH implants and 4 control females). Ten females (3 females with GnRH implants and 7 control females) had to be euthanised. In 17 of 18 female veiled chameleons of this study histologic examination revealed heterophilic granulomatous oophoritis. The use of GnRH agonist implants did not prove to be an appropriate method for the control of reproductive function in captive female veiled chameleons. Keywords: female reptiles, ovarian follicles, reproductive medicine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 287-292 Volume: 68 Issue: 7 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/31/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/31/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202307-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:7:id:31-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: JH Seo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: YI Oh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: SH Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: KW Seo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: BJ Kang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Title: Clinical infection of Brucella canis in a companion dog with discospondylitis in the Republic of Korea Abstract: A 2-year-old, spayed female, Bichon Frise dog was presented with reluctance to exercise, back pain, and frequent sitting down. Multiple osteolysis, periosteal proliferation, and sclerosis of the vertebral endplates of T11-13 were observed in the radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The bacterial culture of the urine specimen, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the blood, and the antibody tests were positive for Brucella canis. Accordingly, discospondylitis caused by B. canis was diagnosed and doxycycline was administered. The clinical signs resolved and the culture and PCR results were negative afterwards. Doxycycline was discontinued after 6 months. The clinical signs recurred 2 weeks later, and the combination treatment of doxycycline and enrofloxacin was initiated. Though no clinical signs were observed after 9 months and the bacterial cultures and PCR were negative, the antibody titre remained at 1:200 or more. The dog will continue taking antibiotics until the antibody titre drops. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a clinical infection of B. canis associated with canine discospondylitis in the Republic of Korea. Although the clinical signs of brucellosis might improve with antibiotic treatment, the disease cannot be cured due to Brucella's various strategies to evade host immune systems. Specifically, it can proliferate and replicate within the host cells, resulting in an environment that makes treatment less effective. Furthermore, owing to its zoonotic potential, owners and veterinarians should consider lifelong management or euthanasia. Keywords: Brucella canis, discospondylitis, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, zoonotic disease Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 293-298 Volume: 68 Issue: 7 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/37/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/37/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202307-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:68:y:2023:i:7:id:37-2023-VETMED