Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C Toader Covasa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Preclinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Iasi, Romania Title: Transitional, fused and/or supernumerary vertebrae in the lumbosacrocaudal region of the spine - A reality in many domestic mammals Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the presence of transitional lumbosacral and sacrocaudal vertebrae in domestic mammals, to realise a comparative analysis of the localisation and conformation of this abnormal condition. The research included the following species: cattle - 29 specimens, sheep - 32 specimens, horse - 31 specimens, pig - 26 specimens, rabbit - 33 specimens, dog - 89 specimens and cat - 57 specimens. The spine of the animals was analysed post-mortem or radiologically. The investigations revealed the presence of transitional vertebrae as follows: in cattle - 3 cases (8.7%), all being about the lumbarisation of the first sacral vertebra (S1); in sheep - 3 cases (9.37%), two lumbarisation cases of S1 and one caudalisation of S4 (the last sacral vertebra); in horses - 4 cases (12.9%), all about the sacralisation of Cd1 (first caudal vertebra); in pigs - 3 cases (11.53%), two lumbarisation cases of S1 and one sacralisation of Cd1; in rabbits - 3 cases (9.09%), a lumbar supernumerary vertebra (L8) and two cases of caudalisation of S4; in dogs - 4 cases (4.49%), a lumbar supernumerary vertebra (L8) and 3 cases of sacralisation of the last lumbar vertebra (L7 or L8); in cats - 3 cases (5.26%), two sacralisation cases of the last lumbar vertebra and one case of caudalisation of the last sacral vertebra (S3). A strong lumbarisation process was observed in ruminants (especially in cattle), then in pigs, the sacralisation being prevalent in carnivores. The sacrocaudal transitional vertebra was predominant in horses. No evident influence of the sex and age of the animals was observed. Keywords: caudalisation, domestic species, lumbarisation, sacralisation, spine morphology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 156-168 Volume: 69 Issue: 5 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/102/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/102/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202405-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:69:y:2024:i:5:id:102-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P Schusterova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D Mudronová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K Loziakova Penazziova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V Hajducková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: T Csank Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 BiocenolTM and its exopolysaccharide: Their influence on rotavirus-induced immune molecules in enterocyte-like cells Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 BiocenolTM (L26) and its purified exopolysaccharide (EPS) with respect to antiviral innate immune response. In our experiment, we used porcine epithelial IPEC-J2 cells as a model of the intestinal barrier in a homologous infection by porcine Rotavirus A strain OSU6 (RVA). The production of selected molecules of non-specific humoral immunity was evaluated at the mRNA level. The EPS alone significantly increased the level of interferon λ3 (IFN-λ3) mRNA in the non-infected IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.001). We also tested whether the treatment of IPEC-J2 cells by L26 or EPS influences the replication of RVA by virus titration and real-time PCR. We found that a pre-treatment in combination with subsequent continuous stimulation has no influence on the RVA replication. However, both treatments significantly decreased the RVA-induced production of IFN-λ3 (P < 0.05) and the "SOS" cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6; P < 0.01), already at the transcription level. In addition, the EPS treatment resulted in significantly increased IL-10 mRNA in the RVA-infected cells. In summary, we assume an immunoregulatory potential of L. reuteri L26 BiocenolTM and its EPS in the local intestinal antiviral immune response. Keywords: innate antivirus immunity, lactic acid bacteria, RVA OSU 6, type III interferon Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 169-176 Volume: 69 Issue: 5 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/106/2023-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/106/2023-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202405-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:69:y:2024:i:5:id:106-2023-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D Noh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: H Jo Author-Workplace-Name: 24 Africa Animal Medical Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: H Shin Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: SW Lee Author-Workplace-Name: 24 Africa Animal Medical Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S Choi Author-Name: K Lee Author-Workplace-Name: 24 Africa Animal Medical Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Title: Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia in two cats: Serial ultrasonographic and computed tomography findings Abstract: A 6-month-old Ragdoll and 9-year-old Russian Blue cat presented with vomiting. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a pyloric antrum mass with wall layering loss and regional lymphadenopathy in the Ragdoll kitten. The Russian Blue cat only presented with muscularis layer thickening throughout the jejunum; however, despite medications, it later progressed to a mass with wall layering loss on the serial ultrasound. Both cats underwent surgery, and feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) was histologically confirmed. FGESF should be considered for gastrointestinal masses demonstrating wall layering loss and lymphadenopathy, even in kittens, and intestinal muscularis layer thickening that is refractory to medications. Keywords: diagnostic imaging, FGESF, gastrointestinal tumor, inflammatory bowel disease Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 177-183 Volume: 69 Issue: 5 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/2/2024-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2/2024-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202405-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:69:y:2024:i:5:id:2-2024-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M Nemeckova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D Medkova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L Sardi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy Author-Name: N Hodkovicova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers Abstract: At present, the assessment of pig welfare quality has gained significant importance, prompting the exploration of novel biomarkers for this purpose. Traditionally, these biomarkers have been monitored in the blood; however, blood sampling is considered an invasive procedure. Currently, non-invasive methods for collecting samples are emerging as viable alternatives for assessing these biomarkers. This article aims to present the current knowledge regarding the use of non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers, specifically focusing on the saliva, hair, faeces, and urine as matrices to determine these biomarkers. The saliva analysis encompasses various biomarkers, such as cortisol, alpha-amylase, chromogranin A, the total esterase, oxytocin, acute phase proteins, adenosine deaminase, immunoglobulins and parameters of redox homeostasis. Cortisol, a specific biomarker, can be determined in the hair, urine and faeces, while urine samples allow for the analysis of catecholamines as non-invasive markers of pig welfare. Keywords: glucocorticoids, health, housing conditions, pig breeding, sow Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 137-155 Volume: 69 Issue: 5 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/17/2024-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/17/2024-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-202405-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:69:y:2024:i:5:id:17-2024-VETMED