Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A Baykal Ugur
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
Author-Name: G Guney Eskiler
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye
Author-Name: O Turna
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
Title: Impact of histological and molecular subtype on the potential therapeutic effect of buparlisib in canine mammary gland tumours
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the response of primary cells to buparlisib, a PI3K inhibitor, at varying concentrations and exposure durations across different histological and molecular subtypes of CMGTs, and to assess PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activity by measuring Akt and mTOR expression. Three carcinomas (C), three sarcomas (S), and two carcinosarcomas (CS) tumours were collected from the dogs. The primary cells were produced from tissues and treated with buparlisib at different doses. Subsequently, the WST-1 assay, Annexin V, and AO/PI staining were performed sequentially to evaluate the effects of buparlisib. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway inhibition was revealed at the gene level in C, S, and CS cells following 5 µM buparlisib treatment by RT-PCR analysis. Our results demonstrated that C1 and C2 (basal-like) cells were more sensitive than C3, CS1, and CS2 cells (luminal A) upon buparlisib treatment. Liposarcoma S2 cells responded more to buparlisib than undifferentiated S cells (S1 and S3). Buparlisib also induced apoptosis and inhibited Akt and mTOR mRNA levels in C2, C3, S2 and S3 cells (P < 0.05). A higher rate of apoptotic cell death was observed in the C histological subtype and basal-like cells, with 62.9 ± 0.8% apoptosis in C1 and 79.1 ± 0.3% in C2. The efficacy of buparlisib was more pronounced in C2 basal-like CMGT cells and liposarcoma S2 cells with the downregulation of Akt and mTOR mRNA levels (P < 0.001). Therefore, PI3K inhibitors could be used to treat CMGT, particularly the basal-like molecular subtype.
Keywords: apoptosis, dog, molecular classification, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, tyrosin kinase inhibitors
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 230-244
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2026
DOI: 10.17221/48/2025-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2025-VETMED.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:71:y:2026:i:6:id:48-2025-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A Gokceoglu
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkiye
Author-Name: Z Ozdemir Kutahya
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkiye
Author-Name: GF Yarim
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkiye
Author-Name: P Piner Benli
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkiye
Author-Name: C Gokbulut
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkiye
Title: Meloxicam blood levels are not affected by sex-related hormones in male and female goats
Abstract: The present study aims to investigate the interaction between the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug meloxicam and sex hormones in seasonal polyoestrous male and female Saanen goats. It was hypothesised that sex hormones, both steroidal and peptide hormones, may influence the serum concentration of the lipophilic drug meloxicam. In the study, the relationship between plasma meloxicam concentration (μg/ml) and the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), testosterone, oestradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4) was evaluated. For this purpose, six male and six female Saanen goats aged one year were intravenously administered a 0.5 mg/kg dose of meloxicam, and blood samples were collected at different time points (0, 5, 30 min, and 2, 8, 24, 48 h) to obtain plasma and serum. The hormone levels were determined by ELISA, following the manufacturer's instructions, and drug concentrations were measured by HPLC-UV. While the study found no direct correlation between the meloxicam levels and the sex hormones, significant sex-related differences in the hormone levels underscore the importance of considering sex-related physiological differences in veterinary pharmacology. These results will establish a scientific basis for future research on species- and sex-specific dosage adjustments.
Keywords: NSAIDs, reproductive hormones, Saanen goats
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 222-229
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2026
DOI: 10.17221/103/2025-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/103/2025-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:71:y:2026:i:6:id:103-2025-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P Matlakova
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K Nedbalcova
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine: Mechanisms, regulation and control strategies
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major global threat to both human and animal health. Within the One Health framework, farm and wild animals serve as critical reservoirs of resistant bacteria and resistance genes, which can disseminate through food, water, and the environment. The excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine exerts selection pressure that fosters the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Current mitigation strategies aim to reduce antibiotic consumption and promote prudent use through hygiene measures, vaccination, individualised therapy, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) dosing optimisation, and comprehensive AMR monitoring. European legislation (EU Regulations 2019/4 and 2019/6) provides stringent guidelines on antibiotic prescription, usage, and residue limits. In this context, antibiotic combination therapy represents a promising approach to enhance antimicrobial efficacy, broaden the antibacterial spectrum, and suppress the emergence of resistance by targeting multiple bacterial pathways simultaneously. In addition to developing new drugs, renewed focus on reviving older antimicrobial molecules - supported by updated PK/PD data and optimised dosing - could provide an effective alternative in combating multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Keywords: antibiotics, combination therapy, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, resistance
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 209-221
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2026
DOI: 10.17221/2/2026-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2/2026-VETMED.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:71:y:2026:i:6:id:2-2026-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ET Akyol
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
Author-Name: MT Hekim
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
Author-Name: M Erol
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
Title: A reproducible rat model for warfarin studies: Prothrombin time assessment with minimal blood using the CoaguChek XS and determination of an effective warfarin dosage
Abstract: Warfarin research in rats is often challenged by methodological inconsistencies and large blood volume requirements. This study aimed to validate a refined, reproducible rat model for serial prothrombin time (PT) monitoring using the CoaguChek XS, in alignment with the 3R principles, and to determine an effective warfarin sodium dosage. Male Wistar albino rats received daily oral warfarin (0.125-0.750 mg/kg) for 5 days. PT was measured using the whole-blood CoaguChek XS and two laboratory plasma assays (Innovin, Thromborel S). Agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman and Passing-Bablok regression. The CoaguChek XS consistently yielded higher PT values than laboratory tests but showed strong agreement up to 25 seconds. A daily dose of 0.125 mg/kg resulted in a stable anticoagulant effect without mortality. Doses Doses of 0.250 mg/kg and higher were toxic, causing PT prolongation beyond the device's range and high mortality within 4-7 days after the initiation of treatment. In conclusion, the CoaguChek XS is a reliable tool for experiments requiring repeated measurements. Values remain reliable up to 25 s, and 0.125 mg/kg is a safe dose for short-term studies, effectively supporting animal welfare and the 3R principles.
Keywords: anticoagulation, haemostasis, gavage, thromboplastin, welfare
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 245-253
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2026
DOI: 10.17221/4/2026-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4/2026-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:71:y:2026:i:6:id:4-2026-VETMED