Aerts Rob J., Barry Tom N., McNabb Warren C. (1999): Polyphenols and agriculture: beneficial effects of proanthocyanidins in forages. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 75, 1-12  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00062-6 AOAC (1997): Official Methods of Analysis. 16th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, USA.Beauchemin K. A., Kreuzer M., O'Mara F., McAllister T. A. (2008): Nutritional management for enteric methane abatement: a review. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 48, 21-  https://doi.org/10.1071/EA07199Becker Petra Maria, van Wikselaar Piet G., Franssen Maurice C. R., de Vos Ric C. H., Hall Robert D., Beekwilder Jules (2014): Evidence for a hydrogen-sink mechanism of (+)catechin-mediated emission reduction of the ruminant greenhouse gas methane. Metabolomics, 10, 179-189  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-013-0554-5Berger L.M., Blank R., Zorn F., Wein S., Metges C.C., Wolffram S. (2015): Ruminal degradation of quercetin and its influence on fermentation in ruminants. Journal of Dairy Science, 98, 5688-5698  https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9633 Bhagwat S., Haytowitz D.B., Holden J.M. (2014): USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods, Release 3.1. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, USA. Available from https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80400525/Data/Flav/Flav_R03-1.pdf (accessed July 17, 2018).Bjørklund Geir, Chirumbolo Salvatore (2017): Role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in daily nutrition and human health. Nutrition, 33, 311-321  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.018Cieslak A., Szumacher-Strabel M., Stochmal A., Oleszek W. (2013): Plant components with specific activities against rumen methanogens. animal, 7, 253-265  https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731113000852CIESLAK A., ZMORA P., STOCHMAL A., PECIO L., OLESZEK W., PERS-KAMCZYC E., SZCZECHOWIAK J., NOWAK A., SZUMACHER-STRABEL M. (2014): Rumen antimethanogenic effect of Saponaria officinalis L. phytochemicals in vitro. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 152, 981-993  https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859614000239 Cieslak A., Zmora P., Matkowski A., Nawrot-Hadzik I., Pers-Kamczyc E., El-Sherbiny M., Bryszak M., Szumacher-Strabel M. (2016): Tannins from Sanguisorba officinalis affect in vitro rumen methane production and fermentation. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 26, 54–62.Cortés J.E., Moreno B., Pabón M.L., Avila P., Kreuzer M., Hess H.D., Carulla J.E. (2009): Effects of purified condensed tannins extracted from Calliandra, Flemingia and Leucaena on ruminal and postruminal degradation of soybean meal as estimated in vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 151, 194-204  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.01.015 Crozier A., Clifford M.N., Ashihara H. (2006): Phenols, polyphenols and tannins: an overview. In: Crozier A., Clifford M.N., Ashihara H. (eds): Plant Secondary Metabolites: Occurrence, Structure and Role in the Human Diet. Blackwell Publishing, 1–24. Ehrlich G.G., Goerlitz D.F., Bourell J.H., Eisen G.V., Godsy E.M. (1981): Liquid chromatographic procedure for fermentation product analysis in the identification of anaerobic bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 42, 878–885.Erlund Iris (2004): Review of the flavonoids quercetin, hesperetin, and naringenin. Dietary sources, bioactivities, bioavailability, and epidemiology. Nutrition Research, 24, 851-874  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2004.07.005Fabjan Nina, Rode Janko, Košir Iztok Jože, Wang Zhuanhua, Zhang Zheng, Kreft Ivan (2003): Tartary Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) as a Source of Dietary Rutin and Quercitrin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51, 6452-6455  https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034543eField J.A., Lettinga G. (1987): The methanogenic toxicity and anaerobic degradability of a hydrolyzable tannin. Water Research, 21, 367-374  https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(87)90217-XGorosito A.R., Russell J.B., Van Soest P.J. (1985): Effect of Carbon-4 and Carbon-5 Volatile Fatty Acids on Digestion of Plant Cell Wall In Vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 68, 840-847  https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80901-2Hatahet T., Morille M., Hommoss A., Devoisselle J.M., Müller R.H., Bégu S. (2016): Quercetin topical application, from conventional dosage forms to nanodosage forms. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 108, 41-53  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.08.011Jayanegara A., Wina E., Soliva C.R., Marquardt S., Kreuzer M., Leiber F. (2011): Dependence of forage quality and methanogenic potential of tropical plants on their phenolic fractions as determined by principal component analysis. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 163, 231-243  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.11.009Jayanegara A., Leiber F., Kreuzer M. (2012): Meta-analysis of the relationship between dietary tannin level and methane formation in ruminants from in vivo and in vitro experiments. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 96, 365-375  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01172.xLeiber F., Kunz C., Kreuzer M. (2012): Influence of different morphological parts of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and its major secondary metabolite rutin on rumen fermentation in vitro. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57, 10-18  https://doi.org/10.17221/5479-CJASMakkar Harinder P S, Becker Klaus, Abel Hj, Szegletti Csaba (1995): Degradation of condensed tannins by rumen microbes exposed to quebracho tannins (QT) in rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) and effects of QT on fermentative processes in the RUSITEC. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 69, 495-500  https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740690414Manach Claudine, Scalbert Augustin, Morand Christine, Rémésy Christian, Jiménez Liliana (2004): Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79, 727-747  https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.5.727McSweeney C.S, Palmer B, McNeill D.M, Krause D.O (2001): Microbial interactions with tannins: nutritional consequences for ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 91, 83-93  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00232-2 Menke K.H., Steingass H. (1988): Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development, 28, 7–55. Nelson K.E., Pell A.N., Schofield P., Zinder S. (1995): Isolation and characterization of an anaerobic ruminal bacterium capable of degrading hydrolyzable tannins. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 61, 3293–3298. Patra A.K., Min B.R., Saxena J. (2011): Dietary tannins on microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract in ruminants. In Patra A.K. (ed.): Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes. Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 237–262.Scola Gustavo, Conte Danusa, Wilmsen Dalla-Santa Spada Patrícia, Dani Caroline, Vanderlinde Regina, Funchal Claudia, Salvador Mirian (2010): Flavan-3-ol Compounds from Wine Wastes with in Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant Activity. Nutrients, 2, 1048-1059  https://doi.org/10.3390/nu2101048 Soliva C.R., Hess H.D. (2007): Measuring methane emission of ruminants by in vitro and in vivo techniques. In: Makkar H.P.S., Vercoe P.E. (eds): Measuring Methane Production from Ruminants. Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 15–31. Terrill T H, Rowan A M, Douglas G B, Barry T N (1992): Determination of extractable and bound condensed tannin concentrations in forage plants, protein concentrate meals and cereal grains. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 58, 321-329  https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740580306 Wang D., Huang J., Zhang Z., Tian X., Huang H., Yu Y., Zhang G., Ding J., Huang R. (2013): Influences of Portulaca oleracea extracts on in vitro methane emissions and rumen fermentation of forage. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 11, 483–488.Wischer G., Boguhn J., Steingaß H., Schollenberger M., Rodehutscord M. (2013): Effects of different tannin-rich extracts and rapeseed tannin monomers on methane formation and microbial protein synthesis in vitro. animal, 7, 1796-1805  https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731113001481Yang K., Wei C., Zhao G. Y., Xu Z. W., Lin S. X. (2017): Effects of dietary supplementing tannic acid in the ration of beef cattle on rumen fermentation, methane emission, microbial flora and nutrient digestibility. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 101, 302-310  https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12531