Normal chloroplast development in rice is essential for photosynthesis and yield potential. To explore the physiological and molecular mechanism of chloroplast development, we isolated the rice mutant yls, which has yellow-green leaves at the rice seedling stage. In comparison with wild type (WT) plants, mutant plants had lower chlorophyll and carotenoid contents at the seedling stage. Transmission electron micrographs of the leaves of mutant plants showed abnormal grana stacking. We finally mapped the YLS gene within the BAC clone OSJNBa0032M21 of chromosome 11. Sequence analysis revealed the existence of a 33-bp deletion within the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the cpSRP54 gene, which encodes the 54-kDa subunit of the chloroplast signal recognition particle (SRP). A knockdown of cpSRP54 using RNAi technology produced the yls phenotypes, indicating that cpSRP54 is responsible for the phenotypic changes found in the yls mutant. The study suggests the existence of a functional association between cpSRP54 and chloroplast development in rice.
Arnon D. I. (1949): COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 24, 1-15
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.24.1.1
Fromme Petra, Melkozernov Alexander, Jordan Patrick, Krauss Norbert (2003): Structure and function of photosystem I: interaction with its soluble electron carriers and external antenna systems. FEBS Letters, 555, 40-44
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01124-4
He Qiongji, Peng Jiejun, Yan Fei, Lin Lin, Lu Yuwen, Zheng Hongying, Chen Hairu, Chen Jianping (2012): Intron retention and 3′-UTR analysis of Arabidopsis Dicer-like 2 transcripts. Molecular Biology Reports, 39, 3271-3280
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1095-5
Hou K., Wu W., Gan S.-S. (): SAUR36, a SMALL AUXIN UP RNA Gene, Is Involved in the Promotion of Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 161, 1002-1009
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.212787
Huh Sung, Paek Kyung-Hee (2014): APUM5, encoding a Pumilio RNA binding protein, negatively regulates abiotic stress responsive gene expression. BMC Plant Biology, 14, 75-
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-14-75
Jaiswal Pankaj, Ware Doreen, Ni Junjian, Chang Kuan, Zhao Wei, Schmidt Steven, Pan Xiaokang, Clark Kenneth, Teytelman Leonid, Cartinhour Samuel, Stein Lincoln, McCouch Susan (2002): Gramene: Development and Integration of Trait and Gene Ontologies for Rice. Comparative and Functional Genomics, 3, 132-136
https://doi.org/10.1002/cfg.156
Kirst Henning, Formighieri Cinzia, Melis Anastasios (2014): Maximizing photosynthetic efficiency and culture productivity in cyanobacteria upon minimizing the phycobilisome light-harvesting antenna size. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, , -
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.07.009
Li Wei, Wu Chao, Hu Guocheng, Xing Li, Qian Wenjing, Si Huamin, Sun Zongxiu, Wang Xingchun, Fu Yaping, Liu Wenzhen (2013): Characterization and Fine Mapping of a Novel Rice Narrow Leaf Mutant
nal9. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 55, 1016-1025
https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12098
Livak Kenneth J., Schmittgen Thomas D. (2001): Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method. Methods, 25, 402-408
https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Murray M.G., Thompson W.F. (1980): Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic Acids Research, 8, 4321-4326
https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321
Tamura K., Stecher G., Peterson D., Filipski A., Kumar S. (): MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30, 2725-2729
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197
Wang M.B., Waterhouse P. (1997): A rapid and simple method of assaying plants transformed with hygromycin or PPT resistance genes. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 15: 209–215.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007446721394
Wellburn Alan R. (1994): The Spectral Determination of Chlorophylls a and b, as well as Total Carotenoids, Using Various Solvents with Spectrophotometers of Different Resolution. Journal of Plant Physiology, 144, 307-313
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(11)81192-2
Wu Z., Zhang X., He B., Diao L., Sheng S., Wang J., Guo X., Su N., Wang L., Jiang L., Wang C., Zhai H., Wan J. (2007): A Chlorophyll-Deficient Rice Mutant with Impaired Chlorophyllide Esterification in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 145, 29-40
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.107.100321
Yu B., Gruber M. Y., Khachatourians G. G., Zhou R., Epp D. J., Hegedus D. D., Parkin I. A. P., Welsch R., Hannoufa A. (): Arabidopsis cpSRP54 regulates carotenoid accumulation in Arabidopsis and Brassica napus. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63, 5189-5202
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers179
Zhang Fantao, Luo Xiangdong, Hu Biaolin, Wan Yong, Xie Jiankun (2013): YGL138(t), encoding a putative signal recognition particle 54 kDa protein, is involved in chloroplast development of rice. Rice, 6, 7-
https://doi.org/10.1186/1939-8433-6-7
Zhou Kunneng, Ren Yulong, Lv Jia, Wang Yihua, Liu Feng, Zhou Feng, Zhao Shaolu, Chen Saihua, Peng Cheng, Zhang Xin, Guo Xiuping, Cheng Zhijun, Wang Jiulin, Wu Fuqing, Jiang Ling, Wan Jianmin (2013): Young Leaf Chlorosis 1, a chloroplast-localized gene required for chlorophyll and lutein accumulation during early leaf development in rice. Planta, 237, 279-292
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-012-1756-1
Zhu Z.G., Xiao H., Fu Y.P., Hu G.C., Yu Y.H., Si H.M., Zhang J.L., Sun Z.X. (2001): Construction of transgenic rice populations by inserting the maize transponson Ac/Ds and genetic analysis for several mutants. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao, 17: 288–292.