Steady-state strontium (88Sr) plays an important role in human health. Applying a proper amount of 88Sr to vegetables can improve their nutritional value. To investigate the biological effects of 88S on vegetables, three-leaf Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) seedlings were provided with a nutrient solution containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10 mmol/L SrCl2 by the hydroponic culture. The results showed that SrCl2 at low concentrations (0.2 and 0.5 mmol/L) promoted the growth of Chinese cabbage, while SrCl2 at high concentrations (2.0–10.0 mmol/L) significantly inhibited the growth. SrCl2 at high concentrations did not decrease the chlorophyll content and protein content in Chinese cabbage leaves, nor did it affect the photosynthetic capacity of leaves. The main reason that SrCl2 at high concentrations inhibited the growth of Chinese cabbage was that strontium affected the absorption of calcium. SrCl2 at the concentration of 0.2 and 0.5 mmol/L could significantly increase leaf protein, chlorophyll, and water content and promote the growth of Chinese cabbage. The supplement of SrCl2 at these two concentrations may be beneficial to the growth and yield of Chinese cabbage.
Aimaiti A., Maimaitiyiming A., Boyong X., Aji K., Li C., Cui L. (2017): Low-dose strontium stimulates osteogenesis but high-dose doses cause apoptosis in human adipose-derived stem cells via regulation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Stem Cell Research and Therapy, 8: 282.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-017-0726-8
Boussac A., Rappaport F., Carrier P., Verbavatz J.M., Gobin R., Kirilovsky D., Rutherford A.W., Sugiura M. (2004): Biosynthetic Ca2+/Sr2+ exchange in the photosystem II oxygen-evolving enzyme of Thermosynechococcus elongatus. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279: 22809–22819.
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M401677200
Chen M., Tang Y.L., Ao J., Wang D. (2012): Effects of strontium on photosynthetic characteristics of oilseed rape seedlings. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 59: 772–780.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443712060052
Gupta D.K., Schulz W., Steinhauser G., Walther C. (2018): Radiostrontium transport in plants and phytoremediation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25: 29996–30008.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3088-6
Hepler P.K. (2005): Calcium: a central regulator of plant growth and development. The Plant Cell, 17: 2142–2155.
https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.105.032508
Höllriegl V., München H.Z. (2011): Strontium in the environment and possible human health effects. Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, 268–275.
Hoseini P.S., Poursafa P., Moattar F., Amin M.M., Rezaei A.H. (2012): Ability of phytoremediation for absorption of strontium and cesium from soils using Cannabis sativa. International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering, 1: 1–5.
Kartosentono S., Nuraida A., Indrayanto G., Zaini N.C. (2001): Phytoremediation of Sr2+ and its influence on the growth, Ca2+ and solasodine content of shoot cultures of Solanum laciniatum. Biotechnology Letters, 23: 153–155.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010347914834
Kozhevnikova A.D., Seregin I.V., Bystrova E.I., Belyaeva A.I., Kataeva M.N., Ivanov V.B. (2009): The effects of lead, nickel, and strontium nitrates on cell division and elongation in maize roots. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 56: 242–250.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443709020137
Li M., Xie X.T., Xue R.H., Liu Z.L. (2006): Effects of strontium-induced stress on marine microalgae Platymonas subcordiformis (Chlorophyta: Volvocales). Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 24: 154–160.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02842815
Moyen C., Roblin G. (2010): Uptake and translocation of strontium in hydroponically grown maize plants, and subsequent effects on tissue ion content, growth and chlorophyll a/b ratio: comparison with Ca effects. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 68: 247–257.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.12.004
Moyen C., Roblin G. (2013): Occurrence of interactions between individual Sr2+ – and Ca2+ – effects on maize root and shoot growth and Sr2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents, and membrane potential: consequences on predicting Sr2+-impact. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 260: 770–779.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.029
Porra R.J. (2002): The chequered history of the development and use of simultaneous equations for the accurate determination of chlorophylls a and b. Photosynthesis Research, 73: 149–156.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020470224740
Sasmaz A., Sasmaz M. (2009): The phytoremediation potential for strontium of indigenous plants growing in a mining area. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 67: 139–144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.06.014
Seifert M. (2004). Strontium. In: Merian E., Anke M., Ihnat M., Stoeppler M. (eds.): Elements and their compounds in the environment. 2nd Edition. Weinheim, Wiley-VCH, 619–626.
Seregin I.V., Kozhevnikova A.D. (2004): Strontium transport, distribution, and toxic effects on maize seedling growth. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 51: 215–221.
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUPP.0000019217.89936.e7
Sowa I., Wójciak-Kosior M., Strzemski M., Dresler S., Szwerc W., Blicharski T., Szymczak G., Kocjan R. (2014): Biofortification of soy (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with strontium ions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62: 5248–5252.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf501257r
Sun Y., Sun M., Lee T., Nie B. (2005): Influence of seawater Sr content on coral Sr/Ca and Sr thermometry. Coral Reefs, 24: 23–29.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-004-0467-x
Tsukada H., Takeda A., Takahashi T., Hasegawa H., Hisamatsu S., Inaba J. (2005): Uptake and distribution of 90Sr and stable Sr in rice plants. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 81: 221–231.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.01.037
Van Hoeck A., Horemans N., Van Hees M., Nauts R., Knapen D., Vandenhove H., Blust R. (2015): β-Radiation stress responses on growth and antioxidative defense system in plants: a study with strontium-90 in Lemna minor. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16: 15309–15327.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160715309
Von Firck Y., Rosén K., Sennerby-Forsse L. (2002): Uptake and distribution of 137Cs and 90Sr in Salix viminalis plants. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 63: 1–14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(01)00131-X
Wang X., Chen C., Wang J. (2017): Phytoremediation of strontium contaminated soil by Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and soil microbial community-level physiological profiles (CLPPs). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24: 7668–7678.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8432-8
Zheng G.L., Pemberton R., Li P. (2016): Bioindicating potential of strontium contamination with Spanish moss Tillandsia usneoides. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 152: 23–27.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.11.010
, Min Chen, Feng Zhou
