Methodological procedure for determining the drainage retention capacity (DRC) of surface layers under conditions of unsteady-state groundwater flow was demonstrated. DRC of the drainage system can be defined as a groundwater reservoir situated between the soil surface and the intermediate position of a parabola shaped water table above the drain level. Computation of DRC is based on analytical approximation of the subsurface total drainage discharge in unsteady-state groundwater conditions. DRC formula can serve as a simple tool for immediate estimation that requires only minimum amount of basic information (drainage design parameters, soil hydrology data). DRC is an important phenomenon of drainage policy, an inseparable part of drainage processes, which can mitigate negative impact of climate dynamics. A properly applied drainage policy, with the possibility of manipulating the retention capacities in the soil layers, can significantly improve soil and environmental protection. In agriculture, DRC extended by a drainage system can mitigate the negative effects of hydrological extremes such as floods and droughts.
Alterra-ILRI (2008): Materials from the International Course on Land Drainage, module 3: “Design, Implementation and Operation of Drainage Systems” Pre-drainage investigations for the Mahstul Pilot Area (Nile Delta, Egypt). Wageningen, Alterra-IRLI, Wageningen University and Research Centre.
Blann Kristen L., Anderson James L., Sands Gary R., Vondracek Bruce (2009): Effects of Agricultural Drainage on Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 909-1001
https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380801977966
Dan Han-Cheng, Xin Pei, Li Ling, Li Liang (2013): Improved Boussinesq Equation–Based Model for Transient Flow in a Drainage Layer of Highway: Capillary Correction. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 139, 1018-1027
https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000642
De Zeeuw J.W., Hellinga F. (1958): Precipitation and runoff. Agricultural Journal, 70: 405–422. (in Dutch)
Deasy Clare, Titman Andrew, Quinton John N. (2014): Measurement of flood peak effects as a result of soil and land management, with focus on experimental issues and scale. Journal of Environmental Management, 132, 304-312
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.027
Dieleman P.J., Trafford B.D. (1976): Drainage Testing. Irrigation and Drainage Paper 28. Rome, FAO.
Fuentes Carlos, Zavala Manuel, Saucedo Heber (2009): Relationship between the Storage Coefficient and the Soil-Water Retention Curve in Subsurface Agricultural Drainage Systems: Water Table Drawdown. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 135, 279-285
https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2009)135:3(279)
Hooghoudt S.B. (1940): Contribution to the knowledge of some physical parameters of the soil. Part 7. Agricultural Research Reports, 46B: 515–707. (in Dutch)
Hümann Marco, Schüler Gebhard, Müller Christoph, Schneider Raimund, Johst Margret, Caspari Thomas (2011): Identification of runoff processes – The impact of different forest types and soil properties on runoff formation and floods. Journal of Hydrology, 409, 637-649
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.067
Kabat P., Claussen M., Dirmeyer P. et al. (2004): Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate. A New Perspective on an Interactive System. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Springer-Verlag.
Nijland H.J., Croon F.W., Ritzema H.P. (2005): Subsurface Drainage Practices. ILRI Publ. 60, Wageningen, Alterra.
Ritzema H.P. (2007): Subsurface flows to drains. In: Ritzema H.P. (ed.): Drainage Principles and Applications. ILRI Publ. 16, 3rd Ed. Wageningen, ILRI: 283–294.
Ritzema H.P. (2009): Drain for Gain: Making Water Management Worth its Salt: Subsurface Drainage Practices in Irrigated Agriculture in Semi-arid and Arid Regions. Leiden, CRC Press/Balkema.
Singh Sushil K. (2009): Generalized Analytical Solutions for Groundwater Head in a Horizontal Aquifer in the Presence of Subsurface Drains. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 135, 295-302
https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000069
Soukup M. et al. (2000): Regulation and retardation of the drainage discharge from agricultural land. [Annual Report of Project EP 096000 61 50 in 1999.] Prague, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation Prague. (in Czech, abstract in English)
Stibinger Jakub (2003): Analytical Approximation of Subsurface Total Drainage Quantity in Non-Steady State Drainage Flow, and its Verification in Heavy Soils. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 17, 341-365
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:IRRI.0000004563.99796.88
Štibinger J. (2009): Approximation of subsurface drainage discharge by De Zeeuw-Hellinga theory and its verification in heavy soils of fluvial landscape of the Cerhovice brook. Soil and Water Research, 1: 28–38.
Stibinger J. (2011): Hydraulic function of subsurface pipe drainage system on agricultural and drainage experimental field in Mashtul Pilot Area (Nile Delta, Egypt). Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica, 44: 103–112.
Zavala Manuel, Fuentes Carlos, Saucedo Heber (2007): Non-linear radiation in the Boussinesq equation of the agricultural drainage. Journal of Hydrology, 332, 374-380
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.07.009
